OBJECTIVE Mitral annular/leaflet calcification (MALC) is frequently observed in patients with degenerative aortic stenosis (AS). However, the impact of MALC on mitral valve function has not been established. We aimed to investigate whether MALC reduces mitral annular area and restricts leaflet opening, resulting in non-rheumatic mitral stenosis. METHODS Real-time three-dimensional transoesoph...

BACKGROUND The decay of the pressure gradient across a stenotic mitral valve is determined by the size of the orifice and net AV compliance (C(n)). We have observed a group of symptomatic patients, usually in sinus rhythm, characterized by pulmonary hypertension (particularly during exercise) despite a relatively large mitral valve area by pressure half-time. We speculated that this discrepancy...

OBJECTIVES This study was undertaken to determine the results of repair of partial atrioventricular (AV) canal in patients > or = 40 years old. BACKGROUND Although postoperative outcomes in younger patients have been well documented, the fate of older patients with repaired partial AV canal is less clear. METHODS From 1958 to 1990, 31 patients 40 to 71 years old (mean age 51) had repair of ...

prolapsed mitral valve syndrome is a common, benign disorder with prevalence of %0.3-6 in population. this syndrome also is known as barlows syndrome and flaapy mitral valve syndrome. prolapsed mitral valve is the dropping of one or two mitral valve leaflet(s) into the left atrium during ventricular systole. this malformation leads to incomplete closing of mitral valve and regurgitates the bloo...

The authors report the case of a 53-year-old man, with a long-standing history of mild mitral stenosis, admitted for worsening fatigue. Transthoracic echocardiography (limited by poor image quality) showed mitral annular calcification, leaflets that were difficult to visualize and an estimated mitral valve area of 1.8 cm(2) by the pressure half-time method. However, elevated mean transmitral an...

Criteria for selection of patients with aortic valve disease for cardiac catheterization are described, based on a study of 81 cases. Children with aortic stenosis warrant catheterization at the time when the clinical diagnosis is made, but in adults this examination may be deferred until symptoms appear or left ventricular hypertrophy is recognized. In patients with pure aortic insufficiency c...

Doubt has been cast upon the valvular origin of the first heart sound since the finding of a delay between the cross-over of the ventricular and atrial pressure tracings and the sound attributed to closing ofthe corresponding atrio-ventricular valve. There is a similar delay after the left ventricular pressure falls below that in the left atrium before the occurrence of the opening snap in mitr...

A 60 year-old woman with rheumatic mitral stenosis underwent re-replacement of Cross- Jones caged lens mitral valve prosthesis, 36 years after valve implantation. In 1968, she underwent mitral commissurotomy. In 1992, she had a stroke, and in July 2009 echocardiography revealed the malfunction of the prosthesis with pannus and reduced mitral prosthetic area < 1.0 cm(2) with the elevated transpr...

The clinical course of 38 patients with congenital mitral stenosis (MS) is reviewed. Associated cardiac defects were present in 28 patients, including tetralogy of Fallot in five. In all but one of the eight patients with supravalvar mitral ring (SVR), there were concomitant abnormalities of the mitral valve. Delay in the diagnosis of MS was common. Serial cardiac catheterizations and pulmonary...

A77-year-old man with severe aortic stenosis was referred for consideration of aortic valve replacement. He admitted to mild exertional dyspnea and was systemically well. His past medical history was remarkable for hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and a previous transient ischemic attack. A transthoracic echocardiogram confirmed severe calcific aortic stenosis (peak gradient 95mm Hg, estimat...