SUCCESS in the surgical treatment of stenotic valvular disease of the heart has emphasized the urgency for the development of equally satisfactory methods for the correction of valvular insufficiencies. This need applies particularly to the mitral valve. Although mitral stenosis is quite common, it is relatively less so in the "pure" state. Bland stated that of 730 cases of rheumatic heart dise...

SIMILJARITIES between mitral stenosis and left ventricular failure, regarding their effects upon the pulmonary circulation and the right heart, have been known long before cardiac catheterization permitted their direct assessment. The advent of mitral valve surgery, a decade ago, stimulated widespread interest in the hemodynamies of mitral stenosis. On the other hand, circulatory changes associ...

Rate-corrected left ventricular ejection time was measured from the aortic pressure tracings of 171 catheterised patients with aortic valve area less than or equal to 1.2 cm2. In 50 patients with pure aortic stenosis, left ventricular ejection time in increased with decreasing valve area and was significantly higher (468 +/- 5 ms, mean +/- SEM) than in 13 normal subjects (435 +/- 5 ms). Additio...

Orthogonal electrocardiograms (Frank lead system) from 191 patients with pure mitral stenosis (MS) were compared to electrocardiograms from 510 normal patients and 296 patients with pulmonary emphysema (PE). All patients with MS underwent right heart catheterization; 121 patients underwent both left and right heart catheterization. Three hundred and thirty electrocardiographic measurements were...

Orthogonal electrocardiograms (Frank lead system) from 191 patients with pure mitral stenosis (MS) were compared to electrocardiograms from 510 normal patients and 296 patients with pulmonary emphysema (PE). All patients with MS underwent right heart catheterization; 121 patients underwent both left and right heart catheterization. Three hundred and thirty electrocardiographic measurements were...

BACKGROUND Aortic valve stenosis (with or without aortic regurgitation and without associated mitral stenosis) in adults in the Western world has been considered in recent years to most commonly be the result of degenerative or atherosclerotic disease. METHODS AND RESULTS We examined operatively excised, stenotic aortic valves from 932 patients aged 26 to 91 years (mean+/-SD, 70+/-12), and no...

lutembacher syndrome refers to the rare combination of a congenital atrial septal defect and acquired mitral stenosis. traditionally, lutembacher syndrome has been corrected by surgical treatment. we describe two patients treated percutaneouly with a combined inoue balloon valvuloplasty and septal defect closure using the amplatzer septal occlusion device.

SIMILJARITIES between mitral stenosis and left ventricular failure, regarding their effects upon the pulmonary circulation and the right heart, have been known long before cardiac catheterization permitted their direct assessment. The advent of mitral valve surgery, a decade ago, stimulated widespread interest in the hemodynamies of mitral stenosis. On the other hand, circulatory changes associ...

BACKGROUND The decay of the pressure gradient across a stenotic mitral valve is determined by the size of the orifice and net AV compliance (C(n)). We have observed a group of symptomatic patients, usually in sinus rhythm, characterized by pulmonary hypertension (particularly during exercise) despite a relatively large mitral valve area by pressure half-time. We speculated that this discrepancy...

A 45-year-old female was admitted to the outpatient clinic with complaint of dyspnea on exertion. Cardiac examination revealed a diastolic murmur best heard at apex, but was otherwise unremarkable. Transthoracic echocardiography and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) revealed moderate mitral and aortic regurgitation with severe rheumatic mitral stenosis (Video 1*). TEE revealed left atrial ...