The development of robust, accurate, real-time cognitive state gauges, based upon operators’ physiological data, is an essential pre-requisite to realizing performance improvements through augmented cognition technology. However, gauges that can identify undesirable cognitive states are only useful if corrective action can be taken when the gauges detect problematic states. Thus, in designing a...

Japan has been developing a new satellite based positioning system called Quasi-Zenith Satellite System (QZSS). Since improvement of positioning availability in urban area is one of the most important advantages of the QZSS, multipath mitigation is a key factor for the QZSS positioning system. Therefore, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) and GNSS Inc. developed a pseudolite, which trans...

Globally, efforts are underway to reduce anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and to adapt to climate change impacts at the local level. However, there is a poor understanding of the relationship between city strategies on climate change mitigation and adaptation and the relevant policies at national and European level. This paper describes a comparative study and evaluation of cross-national...

Bursty traffic causes excessive queuing delay and packet losses. Many researchers have proposed the modeling of burstiness and burstiness mitigation schemes. However, there is no consensus on a quantitative definition of burstiness. In this paper, burstiness is defined as the queue size of a virtual bottleneck buffer. This definition is based on the fact that packets are queued when there is a ...

The intensification of the Urban Heat Island effect (UHI) is a problem that involves several fields, and new adequate solutions are required to mitigate its amplitude. The construction sector is strictly related with this phenomenon; in particular, roofs are the envelope components subject to the highest solar irradiance, hence any mitigation strategy should start from them and involve their ap...

Emerging infectious diseases cause extirpation of wildlife populations. We use an epidemiological model to explore the effects of a recently emerged disease caused by the salamander-killing chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal) on host populations, and to evaluate which mitigation measures are most likely to succeed. As individuals do not recover from Bsal, we used a model wit...

As recently pointed out by the Institute of Medicine, the existing pandemic containment and mitigation models lack the dynamic decision support capabilities. We present two simulation-based optimization models for developing dynamic predictive resource distribution strategies for cross-regional pandemic outbreaks. In both models, the underlying simulation mimics the disease and population dynam...

The threat of an influenza pandemic has alarmed countries around the globe and given rise to an intense interest in disease mitigation measures. This article reviews what is known about the effectiveness and practical feasibility of a range of actions that might be taken in attempts to lessen the number of cases and deaths resulting from an influenza pandemic. The article also discusses potenti...

Risk management is widely accepted as a routine activity in software project management. Many project risks are often complex and intertwined. Once some risks are materialized, they spawn active issues which can cause some other risks to occur. Moreover, these risks will have stronger impact than they could happen alone. Such snowball effect has been well known in risk management; however, few ...