Plant microRNAs (miRNAs) are processed by the RNase III-like enzyme DICER-LIKE1 acting in concert with the double-stranded RNA-binding protein HYPONASTIC LEAVES1 and the zinc finger protein SERRATE. Together, they excise a miRNA/miRNA( *) duplex with a 2 nucleotide 3' overhang from the primary miRNA (pri-miRNA) transcript. pri-miRNAs include a partially self-complementary foldback or stem loop,...

MicroRNAs are currently being extensively studied due to their important role as post-transcriptional regulators. During miRNA biogenesis, precursors undergo two cleavage steps performed by Drosha-DGCR8 (Microprocessor) cleaving of pri-miRNA to produce pre-miRNA and Dicer-mediated cleaving to create mature miRNA. Genetic variants within human miRNA regulome have been shown to influence miRNA ex...

CagA of Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium-derived oncogenic protein closely associated with the development of gastric cancers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of widespread non-coding RNAs, many of which are involved in cell growth, cell differentiation and tumorigenesis. The relationship between CagA protein and miRNAs is unclear. Using mammalian miRNA profile microarrays, we found that miRNA...

MicroRNAs are small endogenous noncoding RNAs involved in posttranscriptional gene regulation. During microRNA biogenesis, Drosha and Dicer process the primary transcript (pri-miRNA) through a precursor hairpin (pre-miRNA) to the mature miRNA. The miRNA is incorporated into the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC) with Argonaute proteins, the effector molecules in RNA interference (RNAi). Here,...

MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that can regulate a variety of immune functions. MicroRNA146a (miRNA-146a) is regarded as crucial regulator posttranscriptional gene expression, suggesting role in autoimmune disorders. This study was performed to investigate association miRNAs-146a expression and its polymorphisms patient with Rheumatoid arthritis. The current includes 120 subjects classifie...

This study demonstrates the effects of miRNA-10b on medulloblastoma proliferation through transcriptional induction of the anti-apoptotic protein BCL2. Using a cancer specific miRNA-array, high expression of miRNA-10b in medulloblastoma cell lines compared to a normal cerebellar control was shown, and this was confirmed with real time PCR (RT-PCR). Two medulloblastoma cell lines (DAOY and UW228...

The microRNA (miRNA) can regulate the transcripts that are involved in eukaryotic cell proliferation, differentiation, and metabolism. Especially for plants, our understanding of miRNA targets, is still limited. Early attempts of prediction on sequence alignments have been plagued by enormous false positives. It is helpful to improve target prediction specificity by incorporating the other data...

Estrous cycle is one of the placental mammal characteristics after sexual maturity, including estrus stage (ES) and diestrus (DS). important in female physiology its disorder may lead to diseases, such as polycystic ovary syndrome, ovarian carcinoma, anxiety, epilepsy. In latest years, effects non-coding RNAs messenger RNA (mRNA) on estrous have started arouse much concern, however, a whole tra...

Recently the use of microRNAs (miRNAs) as biomarkers for a multitude diseases has gained substantial significance clinical well point-of-care diagnostics. Amongst other challenges, however, it holds central requirement that concentration given miRNA must be evaluated within context factors in order to unambiguously diagnose one specific disease. In terms development diagnostic methods and devic...

BACKGROUND Although microRNA (miRNA) regulates initiation and/or progression of atrial fibrillation (AF) in canine AF models, the underlying mechanism in humans remains unclear. We speculated that certain miRNAs in atrial tissue are related to AF, and evaluated the relationship of miRNA expression in human atrial tissue in cardiac surgery patients. METHODS Right atrial tissues from 29 patient...