This study determined the membrane fluidity of clostridial endospores during treatment with heat and pressure with nisin or reutericyclin. Heating (90°C) reduced laurdan (6-dodecanoyl-2-dimethylaminonaphthalene) general polarization, corresponding to membrane fluidization. Pressure (200 MPa) stabilized membrane order. Reutericyclin and nisin exhibit divergent effects on heat- and pressure-induc...

...................................................................................................................................... i Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................... ii Table of Content .............................................................................................................

A fluidized bed system combining two circulating fluidized bed reactors is proposed and investigated for chemical looping combustion using metal oxides as oxygen carriers. The global solids loop starts in one of the two reactors (primary reactor) where solids are entrained, separated from the gas in a cyclone and sent to the other reactor (secondary reactor) via a fluidized loop seal. From the ...

The reforming of methane with CO2 was carried out efficiently in a fluidized bed reactor at 973 K under atmospheric pressure, taking advantage the nickel catalyst efficiency achieved particulate fines. fluidization operation characterized by determining minimum velocity 3.11 × 10−3 ms−1 and higher velocities. worked surface speeds up to 1.84 10−2 ms−1, providing conversions from 45% 51% syngas ...

The use of solid particles as a solar energy transport and storage medium overcomes the intermittency issues for is advantageous development hybrid process that integrates biomass thermal energy. In this study, lab-scale experimental equipment consisted bubbling fluidized bed (55 mm I.D. 200 height) with direct irradiated was designed constructed. Sand, alumina (Al), silica carbide (SiC) 3 diff...

A fluidized bed reactor with ultraviolet lamp and TiO2/silica photo-catalyst prepared in our laboratory was used as a photo-reactor to degrade toluene in a simulated toluene-air mixture. The effects of operating parameters including initial toluene concentration, superficial gas velocity, ultraviolet light intensity and catalyst bed height on degradation rate of toluene have been investigated i...

The steel industry represents about 7% of the world’s anthropogenic CO2 emissions due to high use fossil fuels. CO2-lean direct reduction iron ore with hydrogen is considered offer a potential reduce emissions, and this Fe2O3 powder investigated in research. H2 reaction kinetics fluidization characteristics fine cohesive particles were examined vibrated fluidized bed reactor. A smooth bubbling ...