the entire land in the southern iran faces problems arising out of various types of land degradation, of which the vegetation type forms one of the major ones. the payab basin (522,470 ha), which covers the lower reaches of mond river, was chosen for a test risk assessment of this type. the different kinds of data for indicators of vegetation degradation were taken from the records and publishe...

Reliable and unhindered access to raw materials is a growing concern within the EU across globe demand for Critical Raw Materials (CRM) plays crucial economic role in most developed countries around world. These are of extreme importance supply chains regarding new technologies, sustainability issues carbon footprint reduction. The definition continuously updated list CRM by European Commission...

This study proposes a new method to quantitatively represent the uncertainty existing in open pit optimization results due to variations in mineral prices. After generating multiple mineral prices using Monte Carlo simulation with data on past mineral prices, a probability model that represents the uncertainty was developed by integrating multiple open pit optimization results derived from the ...

STUDY DESIGN Retrospective study. PURPOSE This study was designed to determine the effectiveness of bone mineral density measurement as a supplementary tool for evaluation of osteogenic potential in patients with spinal fusion. To this end, we correlated bone mineral density (BMD) with osteogenic potential from cultured mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE Many studies have...

Selective attention to visual-spatial stimuli causes decrements of power in alpha band and increments in beta. For steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEP) selective attention affects electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings, modulating the power in the range 8-27 Hz. The same behaviour can be seen for auditory stimuli as well, although for auditory steady-state response (ASSR), it is not ful...

Presently, little is known about the potential health effects of mineral particles other than asbestos and quartz. In this study, a human epithelial lung cell line (A549), primary human small airway epithelial cells (SAECs) and primary rat type 2 (T2) cells were exposed to stone quarry particles of two size fractions (<10 and <2.5 microm) from nine different rock samples. The ability to induce ...

Abstract—This paper studies learning algorithm of the digital spike maps. The map is equivalent to a simple one-dimensional cellular automaton and can generate various digital spike-trains. In order to approximate a class of spike-trains, we present a learning algorithm with selforganizing function. Performing a basic numerical experiment, we have clarified that the map can learn a typical clas...

Background Myocardial tissue characterization with T2-weighted imaging is an established technique for evaluating the presence of myocardial edema or iron overload (Kellman, P. MRM 2007, Anderson, LJ. EHJ 2001). More recently, both T2-mapping and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping have emerged as quantitative techniques for characterizing edema (or iron overload) and water mobility. T...

At the most fundamental level, interand intramolecular forces delineate the interface between a microorganism and a mineral surface. A new technique, termed biological force microscopy (BFM), is described that can be used to directly probe the dynamics of the mineral–microbe interface. BFM quantiŽ es attractive and repulsive forces in the nano-Newton range between living microbial cells and min...

Remote sensing techniques and spatial data analysis through Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have been jointly applied in a mineral exploration context to identify gold-rich potential areas in SE Spain. Results conŽ rm the usefulness of this integrated methodological approach as an eVective tool to assess mineral potential in the studied region. Satellite and airborne image analysis have oV...