The article examines some well-known attempts to consider Ludwig Wittgenstein’s Philosophical Investigations in the context of transcendental idealism. main purpose these is protect later philosophy from relativistic interpretation such concepts a “language games” and “forms life.” Thus, Bernard Williams, noting ambiguity pronoun “we” Investigations, believes that has rather than empirical char...

Subjects first expressed their own position on whether college education should be general (liberal arts) or specialized (career preparatory), then were led to expect that they would write essays supporting one or the other of these positions, Ilext judged the validity of a standard set of statements representing both views, and last again expressed their opinions on the issue. Validity judgmen...

This paper applies theoretical pluralism to studies of poverty. However in order to be more specific it takes as a case study some competing studies of Indian rural tenancy relations. Theoretical pluralism, frequently found in this literature, is defined as a realist alternative to extremes of idealism and relativism. In the area of tenancy studies, idealised rational choice theories are often ...

We study heterogeneous interactions in a time-continuous bounded confidence model for opinion formation. The key new modelling aspects are to distinguish between open-minded and closed-minded behaviour and to include an open-mindedness social norm. The investigations focus on the equilibria supported by the proposed new model; particular attention is given to a novel class of equilibria consist...

Humans process images with apparent ease, quickly filtering out useless information and identifying objects based on their shape and colour. In the Four-Legged League of RoboCup, the focus of most vision systems has been on using colour to recognise objects. This single-mindedness has many disadvantages, but edge detection and shape recognition are not panaceas as their computational requiremen...

Academic research is increasingly centering on interdisciplinary work. Strong (SIR), involving researchers from very different fields, such as scientists and humanists, often encouraged, if not required, by funding agencies. I argue that two intellectual virtues, open-mindedness humility, are crucial for overcoming obstacles to SIR achieving success. In part I, provide a primer virtue the virtu...