A Morphological based Adaptive Unsymmetrical Trimmed Mid-Point Filter (MAUTMPF) for the restoration of gray scale images corrupted by salt and pepper noise for varying noise densities is proposed in this study. Images corrupted by impulsive noise severely hinder subsequent image processing tasks, such as edge detection, image segmentation, object recognition, etc. Therefore, it is absolutely es...

OBJECTIVE Practice settings for American psychiatrists were examined for recent trends. METHODS Surveys were conducted in 1996 (N=970) and 2002 (N=917) among members of the American Psychiatric Association. RESULTS Between 1996 and 2002 the percentage of direct patient care hours in publicly funded settings increased from 40 to 50 percent for early-career psychiatrists and from 29 to 44 per...

OBJECTIVES To define the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and intraoperative electrophysiological recording in targeting the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in Parkinson's disease and to determine accuracy of electrode placement. PATIENTS AND METHODS We implanted 54 electrodes into the STN in 27 patients. Target planning was done by coordinate guidelines and visualising the STN on MRI and d...

We propose and demonstrate a novel photonic-plasmonic antenna capable of confining electromagnetic radiation at several mid-infrared wavelengths to a single sub-wavelength spot. The structure relies on the coupling between the localized surface plasmon resonance of a bow-tie nanoantenna with the photonic modes of surrounding multi-periodic particle arrays. Far-field measurements of the transmis...

Effects of young stellar clusters on their gas and dust environment are probed using mid-infrared (MIR) wavelengths. The strong MIR [NeIII]/[NeII] ratios (∼ 5 to 10) reveal the presence of current massive stars less than 5Myr. Using MIR line ratios along with optical and NIR data from the literature, composite SEDs are constructed for NGC 1569, NGC 1140 and II Zw40. The stellar SEDs are then us...

In k-means clustering algorithm, the number of centroids is equal to the number of the clusters in which data has to be partitioned which in turn is taken as an input parameter. The initial centroids in original k-means are chosen randomly from the given dataset and for the same dataset different clustering results are produced with different randomly chosen initial centroids. This paper presen...

INTRODUCTION Since the introduction of the first retropubic tension-free synthetic sling to treat stress urinary incontinence (SUI), newer approaches, different techniques and new devices have been created. Transobturator and single-incision sling (SIS) techniquespara-were developed with the goal of diminishing the rate of complications andspeeding the recovery phase. METHODS For this review ...

Laser spectroscopy provides the basis of instrumentation developed for the diagnosis of infectious disease, via quantification of organic biomarkers that are produced by associated bacteria. The technology is centred on a multichannel pulsed quantum cascade laser system that allows multiple lasers with different wavelengths to be used simultaneously, each selected to monitor a different diagnos...

The error of the linearly implicit mid–point rule after 2m + 1 steps is expanded in powers of m2. We prove that the well-known expansion for ordinary differential equations (an expansion in negative powers of m2) is perturbed by additional terms with non-negative powers of m2 for semi–explicit differential–algebraic equations of index one. Hence, extrapolation in m−2 will be of limited value on...

S. Z. Khalaf, A. A. Selman and E. E. Abd_Al lattef Abstract— The physical properties of the interaction region between the solar wind and Halley comet have been taken a considerable atten-tion in this work. The cometary ion tail that formed and shaped by the existence of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) is also depends on the comet type. This interaction can be described by plasma and ma...