One of the objectives of understanding pedestrian behavior is to predict the effect of proposed changes in the design or evaluation of pedestrian facilities. We want to know the impact to the user of the facilities (i.e. pedestrian), as the design of the facilities change. That impact was traditionally evaluated by level of service standards (LOS). Another design criterion to measure the impact...

Receiver adaptation layered multicast video has been proposed to address the issue of network bandwidth heterogeneity in multiparty video communication over networks. An important issue in this approach is how to conduct layer adaptation to achieve the ”optimal level” of subscription to maximize the perceived video quality at receivers while utilize bandwidth efficiently. In the current work, o...

This report describes the enhancements to the video data collection of the Berkeley Highway Laboratory (BHL), a unique surveillance system on a section of I-80 freeway in the city of Emeryville. We also present the development of advanced machine vision algorithms to process the video data to generate vehicle trajectories. A pilot application of the BHL system produced trajectories of over 4700...

Based on suitable video recordings of interactive pedestrian motion and improved tracking software, we apply an evolutionary optimization algorithm to determine optimal parameter specifications for the social force model. The calibrated model is then used for large-scale pedestrian simulations of evacuation scenarios, pilgrimage, and urban environments .

In this paper we propose a three-dimensional vector quantization-based video coding scheme. The algorithm uses a 3D vector quantization pyramidal codebook-based model with adaptive pyramidal codebook for compression. The pyramidal codebook-based model helps in getting high compression in case of modest motion. The adaptive vector quantization algorithm is used to train the codebook for optimal ...

The larva of wild-type zebrafish is an excellent model to study clot formation, however, the analysis of respective microscopic image sequences mainly remains manual, thus tedious and error-prone. Despite the obvious benefit of automatic segmentation algorithms for biologists, no satisfactory solution exists yet, which is mainly due to inherent problems like low contrast, motion perturbation, a...

To study neuronal migration, migrating granule neurons in microcultures prepared from early postnatal cerebellum have been analyzed with time-lapse, video-enhanced differential interference contrast microscopy. The morphology of migrating neurons resembles the elongated forms of migrating neurons described both in vivo and in vitro (Rakic, 1971; Hatten et al., 1984). The neuron closely apposes ...

OBJECTIVE To examine the outcome of short-term digital surface microscopic monitoring of suspicious or changing atypical melanocytic lesions. DESIGN Digital surface microscopic (oil epiluminescence microscopy, and dermoscopy) images of clinically melanocytic lesions were taken with a color calibrated 3 CCD video instrument. In general, lesions were moderately atypical, flat or only slightly r...

The detailed assembly used by us for video-enhanced contrast-differential interference contrast (VEC-DIC) microscopy (video microscopy is first described. Employing such video microscopy, we then examined the morphological changes occurring during locomotion and activation processes of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) and microglia at an almost electron microscopic magnification. Upon contac...

Alterations in retinal blood flow can contribute to, or be a consequence of, ocular disease and visual dysfunction. Therefore, quantitation of altered perfusion can aid research into the mechanisms of retinal pathologies. Intravital video microscopy of fluorescent tracers can be used to measure vascular diameters and bloodstream velocities of the retinal vasculature, specifically the arterioles...