The appearance of resistance to many first-line antimicrobial agents presents a critical challenge to the successful treatment of bacterial infections. Antimicrobial resistant bacteria and resistance genes are globally distributed, but significant variations in prevalence have been observed in different geographical regions. This article discusses possible relationships between socioeconomic an...

the conjugative transfer ot genetic information tor antibiotic resistance between bacteria. Durng a hospital epidemic, a majority of Salmonella tvphimurium isolates were sensitive to all antibacterial drugs; but approximately 3 percent were resistant to three unrelated ones, and that multiple resistar.ce was transmrssible, in mixed broth culture, to Shigella sonnei. [The SC/ 5 indicates that th...

Emerging antibiotic resistance against carbapenems is a serious issue and urgent measures are required to curb such development of resistance.There is paucity of data on the prevalence of carbapenem resistance in the Indian literature. This study involves a retrospective analysis of culture and sensitivity data on 174 clinical specimens obtained from different hospitals in Kanpur. Of the specim...

BACKGROUND Antimicrobial resistance is a public health threat. Because antimicrobial consumption in food-producing animals contributes to the problem, policies restricting the inappropriate or unnecessary agricultural use of antimicrobial drugs are important. However, this link between agricultural antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance has remained contested by some, with potentially disrupt...

Antibiotic resistance (ABR) is a very serious public health issue. Antibiotics have been “miracle” drugs during many years, but their activity has been reduced sharply by many mechanisms of resistance. New mechanisms make the strains of Gram‐negative bacteria resistant to the 3rd generation cephalosporins, and carbapenems. It is very urgent to act to slow down this phenomenon by global and inte...

An effective public health strategy against the development of antimicrobial drug resistance needs to be informed by legal as well as scientific analysis. This article describes some legal issues arising from current efforts against antimicrobial resistance and underscores the interdependence between law and public health in these efforts.

We analyzed 1,093 Vibrio cholerae isolates from the Democratic Republic of the Congo during 1997-2012 and found increasing antimicrobial drug resistance over time. Our study also demonstrated that the 2011-2012 epidemic was caused by an El Tor variant clonal complex with a single antimicrobial drug susceptibility profile.

The unrestricted use of antibiotics has resulted in rapid acquisition of antibiotic resistance (AR) and spread of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens. With the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies and their application in understanding MDR pathogen dynamics, it has become imperative to unify AR gene data resources for easy accessibility for researchers. However, due to th...

Conventionally, in Escherichia coli, phylogenetic groups A and B1 are associated with commensal strains while B2 and D are associated with extraintestinal strains. The aim of this study was to evaluate diarrheagenic (DEC) and commensal E. coli phylogeny and its association with antibiotic resistance and clinical characteristics of the diarrheal episode. Phylogenetic groups and antibiotic resist...