Thick and continuous deposits in the Linxia Basin, located landing area of westerlies monsoons, offer a good opportunity for understanding climatic evolution tectonic activities. However, detailed paleoclimate reconstruction based on lipid biomarkers was rare, which limited our further knowledge, even though there were some relevant reports regarding pollen assemblages, microbial communities. I...

Conjugated fatty acids (CFAs) mainly consists of linoleic (CLAs) and conjugated linolenic (CLNAs). CFAs received significant importance because their anti-carcinogenic, anti-obesity, anti-diabetic, lipid/ energy metabolism modulatory effects some other health promoting properties. Though, concentration in food stuff is inadequate for any therapeutic application to be implemented. For a biotechn...

BACKGROUND Microbial oil is one important bio-product for its important function in energy, chemical, and food industry. Finding suitable substrates is one key issue for its industrial application. Both hydrophilic and hydrophobic substrates can be utilized by oleaginous microorganisms with two different bio-pathways ("de novo" lipid fermentation and "ex novo" lipid fermentation). To date, most...

BACKGROUND Industrial biotechnology that is able to provide environmentally friendly bio-based products has attracted more attention in replacing petroleum-based industries. Currently, most of the carbon sources used for fermentation-based bioprocesses are obtained from agricultural commodities that are used as foodstuff for human beings. Lignocellulose-derived sugars as the non-food, green, an...

Microbial contamination and fat oxidation may cause physical chemical changes that can reduce the quality of broiler meat. The objective this study was to determine ability casein chitosan edible coatings in maintaining meat stored certain storage time under refrigeration (8 oC), terms water activity (Aw), cooking loss, organoleptic properties (i.e. color, aroma possible deviations), physicoche...

Bacteria predominantly grow as biofilms attached to liquid or solid interfaces. Biofilms are complex structures that contain bacterial cells interwoven in an extracellular polysaccharide matrix. The protein, lipid and polysaccharide molecules within a biofilm contain characteristic functional groups which can be identified and mapped using infrared microspectroscopy. The objective of this study...

Bioprocesses, which involve biocatalysts for the production of useful compounds, are expected to become a leading player in green chemistry. The first step in bioprocess development is screening for useful biological reactions in the immense number of microorganisms with infinite diversity and versatility. This review introduces some examples of bioprocess development that started from process ...

Background The sustainability of microbial lipids production from traditional carbon sources, such as glucose or glycerol, is problematic given the high price of raw materials. Considerable efforts have been directed to minimize the cost and find new alternative carbon sources. Volatile fatty acids (VFAs) are especially attractive raw materials, because they can be produced from a variety of or...

The effects of a flexible thin-layer dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma system using a sealed package on microbial inactivation and quality attributes of fresh pork and beef were tested. Following a 10-min treatment, the microbial-load reductions of Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Salmonella Typhimurium were 2.04, 2.54, and 2.68 Log CFU/g in pork-butt samples and 1....

Microbial succession during leaf breakdown was investigated in a small forested stream in west-central Georgia, USA, using multiple culture-independent techniques. Red maple (Acer rubrum) and water oak (Quercus nigra) leaf litter were incubated in situ for 128 days, and litter breakdown was quantified by ash-free dry mass (AFDM) method and microbial assemblage composition using phospholipid fat...