BACKGROUND Aerobic training has some benefits for delaying the onset or progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Little is known about the implication of the brain's two main fuels, glucose and ketones (acetoacetate), associated with thesebenefits. OBJECTIVE To determine whether aerobic exercise training modifies brain energy metabolism in mild AD. METHODS In this uncontrolled study, ten pa...

Stem cells have been assumed to demonstrate a reliance on anaerobic energy generation, suited to their hypoxic in vivo environment. However, we found that human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) have an active oxidative metabolism with a range of substrates. More ATP was consistently produced from substrate oxidation than glycolysis by cultured hMSCs. Strong substrate preferences were shown with t...

the fruit of melia azedarach l. (meliaceae) was extracted with hexane, and its fatty acids methyl ester was analyzed using gc/ms. thirteen components representing 85.1% of the total extract were identified. the major components identified were methyl palmitate (18.8%), methyl linolenate (16.1%) and methyl linoleate (9.8%). the fruits’ extract had a lc50 of 5.5 ppm against the larvae of anophles...

5-Formyl-6-aminopyrimidine-2,4-(1H, 3H)-dione (2) has been previously prepared fromcompound 1. Cyclocondensation reaction of compound 2 with cyanoacetamide gave substituted pyridopyrimidine 3. Also, compound 2 was condensed with p-amino acetophenone and hydrazine derivatives to give 5-([(4-acetylphenyl)imino]methyl)-6-aminopyrimidine (4) and 5-substituted carboaldehyde-6-amino pyrimidine deriva...

Using isolated hepatocytes from fasted rats, the oral hypoglycemic agents, Z-tetradecylglycidic acid (McN3802) and its methyl ester (McN-3716) inhibited (concentrations down to 5 x lo-’ M) the oxidation of palmitate to CO2 and ketones but not the oxidation of octauoate or palmitoylcarnitine. The antiketogenic effect which occurs at concentrations as low as lo-’ M was accompanied by a lowered P-...

Cholesterol, which is formed by biological synthesis, contains angular methyl groups and branched side chains. A few other tissue constituents exist which contain branched chains, notably valine and leucine, but these are all essential dietary constituents. It has been shown (1) that acetic acid participates in the synthesis of the entire structure of cholesterol, but no obvious mechanism is kn...

Two pathways of acetone utilization in the rat have been indicated. One mechatim involves its carboxylation to acetoacetate (1) ; the second, the production of “formate”’ from acetone methyl carbon (2). This formate has been postulated to arise by a 2and l-carbon cleavage in which “acetate”’ is also formed. In the present investigation, the possibility of a direct oxidation of acetone to a 3-ca...

The reaction of ethyl acetoacetate with meta-cresol in an acidic ionic liquid yielded a complex mixture of condensation products. 4,7-Dimethyl-coumarin and the title compound, C(20)H(22)O(3), were isolated. The title compound shows chemical but not crystallographic mirror symmetry. The two aromatic rings are inclined at an angle of 73.55 (6)°.