PeiW (UniProtKB Q7LYX0) and PeiP (UniProtKB Q77WJ4) are the two major pseudomurein endoisopeptidases (Pei) that are known to cleave pseudomurein cell-wall sacculi of the members of the methanogenic orders Methanobacteriales and Methanopyrales. Both enzymes, originating from prophages specific for some methanogenic archaeal species, hydrolyze the ϵ(Ala)-Lys bond of the peptide linker between adj...

Palmitic acid was the main long chain fatty acids (LCFA) that accumulated onto the anaerobic sludge when oleic acid was fed to an EGSB reactor. The conversion between oleic and palmitic acid was linked to the biological activity. When palmitic acid was fed to an EGSB reactor it represented also the main LCFA that accumulated onto the sludge. The way of palmitic acid accumulation was different i...

Studies investigating the feasibility of new, or improved, biotechnologies, such as wastewater treatment digesters, inevitably start with laboratory-scale trials. However, it is rarely determined whether laboratory-scale results reflect full-scale performance or microbial ecology. The Expanded Granular Sludge Bed (EGSB) bioreactor, which is a high-rate anaerobic digester configuration, was used...

Seryl-tRNA synthetases (SerRS) are essential enzymes responsible for aminoacylation of cognate transfer-RNAs (tRNAs) with serine, which is then incorporated into the proteins being synthesized on the ribosome. Although tRNA synthetases are usually a very conserved class of enzymes, phylogenic analyses revealed the existence of two distinct types of serine-charging enzymes; a standard or bacteri...

INTRODUCTION....................................................................... 43 ANAEROBIC MICROBIAL PROCESSES ....................................................................... 43 Microbial Diversity......... 0 43 Representative Degradative Pathways of Aromatic Compounds under Anaerobic Conditions ...............44 METABOLISM OF HOMOCYCLIC AROMATIC COMPOUNDS UNDER ANAEROBIC CONDITIO...

Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) are capable of producing electricity while cleaning wastewater. This novel technology can replace energy-consuming aerobic treatment even if low effluent concentrations are demanded. The goal of this work is to optimize a MFC-based wastewater treatment process. A MFC mathematical model, which accounts for co-existence of methanogenic and anodophilic microbial populat...

Conclusion The interactions of methanogens with other organisms in natural habitats are various. At a metabolic level methanogens may compete for substrates with other bacteria and are involved in mutualistic interactions with non-methanogenic bacteria. Mutualism between methanogens and protozoa also occurs and, in addition, methanogens interact physically as episymbionts of rumen ciliates. Kno...

Constipation, a common problem in gastroenterology practice, may result from slow colonic transit. Therapeutic options for slow transit constipations are limited. Excessive methane production by the methanogenic gut flora, which is more often found in patients with constipation, slows colonic transit. Thus, reduction in methane production with antibiotic treatment directed against methanogenic ...

The oxidation of acetate to hydrogen, and the subsequent conversion of hydrogen and carbon dioxide to methane, has been regarded largely as a niche mechanism occurring at high temperatures or under inhibitory conditions. In this study, 13 anaerobic reactors and sediment from a temperate anaerobic lake were surveyed for their dominant methanogenic population by using fluorescent in situ hybridiz...

*Corr. Author’s Address: VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, FI-02044, Espoo, Finland, [email protected] 655 Signal Model-Based Fault Detection and Diagnosis for Induction Motors Using Features of Vibration Signal in TwoDimension Domain Do, V.T. – Chong, U.-P. Van Tuan Do1,* – Ui-Pil Chong2 1 VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland 2 University of Ulsan, Department of Computer E...