1 A'-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol, (A'-THC) produces bronchodilatation in asthmatic patients. 2 Administered in 63 jl metered volumes containing 50-200 jg by inhalation from an aerosol device to patients judged to be in a steady state, it increased peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEVI). 3 The rate of onset, magnitude, and duration of the bronchodilator e...

Nebulizers have been used clinically for many years. Despite the increasing use of metered-dose inhalers and dry powder inhalers, it is likely that nebulizers will continue to be used in selected patients. A number of factors affect nebulizer performance, and these should be appreciated by clinicians who use these devices. Several new designs have recently become available that improve the perf...

Aerosol therapy with a variety of drugs is superior to oral and, except perhaps in status asthmaticus, parenteral therapy. An understanding of aerosol physics and the physiologic characteristics relating to ventilation allows optimum aerosol delivery for maximum benefit in the majority of patients. In those patients who are unable to use metered-dose inhalers effectively, simple inhalation devi...

Background: The use of a single inhaler to administer a dry powder formulation of fluticasone (FP) and salmeterol (SM) is at least as effective as concurrent administration of the mono-components from individual dry powder inhalers. Whether the same applies to the pressurised metered dose inhaled (pMDI) formulation of these products which, unlike the dry powder formulations are not breath-actua...

Abbreviations: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, NHANES; Global initiative for chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, GOLD; metered dose inhalers, MDIs; dry powder inhalers, DPIs; tumor necrosis factor α, TNFα; forced vital capacity, FVC; forced expiratory volume in 1 second, FEV1 Citation: Loh CH, Ohar JA. Editorial: Personalization ...

We use the three-dimensional hydrodynamic code of Stein & Nordlund to realistically simulate the upper layers of the solar convection zone in order to study physical characteristics of solar oscillations. Our first result is that the properties of oscillation modes in the simulation closely match the observed properties. Recent observations from the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO)/Mic...

We have used available intermediate degree p-mode frequencies for the solar cycle 23 to check the validity of previously derived empirical relations for frequency shifts (Jain et al.: 2000, Solar Phys. 192, 487). We find that the calculated and observed frequency shifts during the rising phase of the cycle 23 are in good agreement. The observed frequency shift from minimum to maximum of this cy...

The use of pressurised metered dose inhalers was assessed among 93 asthmatic patients attending the respiratory out patient clinic between January to October 1989. They were regular users of the inhalers prior to the assessment. 62.4% of the patients were found to use the inhalers incorrectly. Forty three percent made more than one error. The commonest error observed was the failure to actuate ...

The large value of the top quark mass implies that the rare top decays t → bW+Z, sW+Z and dW+Z, and t → cW+W− and uW+W−, are kinematically allowed so long as mt ≥ mW + mZ + mdi ≈ 171.5 GeV + mdi or mt ≥ 2mW + mu,c ≈ 160.6 GeV + mu,c, respectively. The partial decay widths for these decay modes are calculated in the standard model. The partial widths depend sensitively on the precise value of th...