Mental models are internal representations of world structure, used to accomplish cognitive tasks. I postulate specific representations (of objects and images) and associated context (of world and view) for mental models of line drawings. I then analyze the representations and context to predict specific perceptual modes, including the relative strengths of these modes. The predicted modes are ...

This work aimed at demonstrating, first, that na€ıve reasoners are able to infer the existence of a relationship between two events that have never been presented together and, second, the sensitivity of such inference to the causal structure of the task. In all experiments, naive participants judged the strength of the causal link between a cue A and an outcome O in a first phase and between a...

One goal of qualitative physics is to capture the mental models of engineers and scientists . This paper shows how Qualitative Process theory can be used to express concepts of engineering thermodynamics . This encoding provides the means to integrate qualitative and quantitative knowledge for solving textbook thermodynamics problems . These ideas have been implemented in a program called SCHIS...

Prior research on conceptual change has identified multiple kinds of misconceptions at different levels of representational complexity including false beliefs, flawed mental models, and incorrect ontological categories. We hypothesized that conceptual change of a mental model requires change in the system of relations between the features of the prior model. To test this hypothesis, we compared...

The discursive interaction both with teacher and fellow students plays an important role for each student’s construction of knowledge. The teacher’s understanding of the students’ mental models is essential for the outcome of this interaction. This paper discusses epistemological aspects of using students’ verbal explanations as measure of mental models. A framework of different types of knowle...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine individual markers of resilience and obtain quantitative insights into the understanding and the implications of variation and expertise levels in train traffic operators' goals and strategic mental models and their impact on performance. BACKGROUND The Dutch railways are one of the world's most heavy utilized railway networks and have been ident...

This paper uncovers the misconceptions and preconceptions that users have about educational technologies and the impacts that these unexamined mental models have on teaching and learning with technology, especially in the development of educational software and the design of pedagogical strategies for its use. Most significantly, it examines the prevalence of expectations that every writing too...

Some work on modelling boundedly rational agents in organisations is described. It is then argued that social intelligence is not merely intelligence plus interaction but should allow for individual relationships to develop between agents. This means that, at least, agents must be able to distinguish, identify, model and address other agents, either individually or in groups; in other words tha...

This paper builds on London and Hart’s critique that Prahalad’s best-selling book prompted a unilateral effort to find a fortune at the bottom of the pyramid (BoP). Prahalad’s instrumental, firm-centered construction suggests, perhaps unintentionally, a buccaneering style of business enterprise devoted to capturing markets rather than enabling new socially entrepreneurial ventures for those oth...

Shared mental models (SMM) and Transactive memory systems (TMS) have been advocated as the main team learning mechanisms. Despite multiple appeals for collaboration, research in both these fields has progressed in parallel and little effort has been made to integrate these theories. The purpose of this study was to test the relationship between SMM and TMS in a field setting and examine their i...