recent developments in medicine have given us a better insight into a group of disorders known as autoimmune diseases. in particular, advances have occurred in our understanding of the autoimmune inner ear disease (aied). in this article, the authors review the different postulated theories in the pathogenesis of this disease. the clinical presentation, the available para-clinical diagnostic to...

conclusion prompt diagnosis and treatment of skeletal tb are important to prevent serious bone and joint destruction and severe neurologic sequels. patients and methods in this study, epidemiologic aspects, clinical manifestations, laboratory tests and radiologic studies of cases with documented tuberculosis spondylitis in loghman hospital were evaluated. results of our patients, 25 (62.5%) wer...

background gaucher’s disease (g.d.) is an autosomal recessive disorder resulting from the accumulation of glucocerebrosidase in the cells of macrophage-monocyte system as a result of a deficiency in lysosomal glucocerebrosidase. this enzyme is encoded by a gene on chromosome-1. here we report a case of gaucher’s disease .g.d is rare in yazd. case reports we reported a patient that presented wit...

â  â celiac disease (cd) was traditionally believed to be a chronic enteropathy, almost exclusively affecting people of european origin. celiac disease is the permanent intolerance to dietary gluten, the major protein component of wheat. the availability of new, simple, very sensitive and specific serological tests has shown that cd is as common in middle eastern countries as in europe, austral...

alzheimer's disease (ad) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder. it is characterized by formation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain, degeneration of the cholinergic neurons and neural cell death. this study was aimed to investigate the effect of a triazine derivative, c16h12cl2n3s, on learning in an alzheimer's rat model. animals were divided into seven group...

patients with valvular heart disease and suffering atrial fibrillation of more than 12 months duration have a low probability of remaining in sinus rhythm after valve surgery alone. we performed intra-operative radiofrequency ablation or cryoablation as an alternative to surgical maze ііі procedure to create linear lesion lines for conversion of this arrhythmia to sinus rhythm. a total of 30 pa...

Celiac disease also known as gluten-sensitive enteropathy is characterized by intestinal mucosal damage and malabsorption from dietary intake of wheat, rye or barley. Symptoms may appear with introduction of cereal in the first 3 years of life. A second peak in symptoms occurs in adults during the third or forth decade and even as late as eight decade of life. The prevalence of this disease is ...