A profile π = (x1, ..., xk), of length k, in a finite connected graph G is a sequence of vertices of G, with repetitions allowed. A median x of π is a vertex for which the sum of the distances from x to the vertices in the profile is minimum. The median function finds the set of all medians of a profile. Medians are important in location theory and consensus theory. A median graph is a graph fo...

The median problem seeks a permutation whose total distance to a given set of permutations (the base set) is minimal. This is an important problem in comparative genomics and has been studied for several distance measures such as reversals. The transposition distance is less relevant biologically, but it has been shown that it behaves similarly to the most important biological distances, and ca...

Median graphs are characterized among direct products of graphs on at least three vertices. Beside some trivial cases, it is shown that one component of G × P3 is median if and only if G is a tree in that the distance between any two vertices of degree at least 3 is even. In addition, some partial results considering median graphs of the form G ×K2 are proved, and it is shown that the only nonb...

One could argue that the long-standing controversy over the relative merits of the median and mean is something of a touchstone of early statistics. The touchstone of medieval alchemy was basonite, a variety of quartz used to test the purity of gold alloys ; striking an alloy against the surface of the stone revealed the quality of the alloy by the color of the mark left on the stone. Likewise,...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the associations among milk production, rectal temperature, and pregnancy maintenance in lactating recipient dairy cows. Data were collected during an 11-mo period from 463 Holstein cows (203 primiparous and 260 multiparous) assigned to a fixed-time embryo transfer (ET) protocol. Only cows detected with a visible corpus luteum immediately prior to ET ...

We surveyed the neural substrata for behavioral thermoregulation with immunohistochemical analysis of the expression of Fos protein in the rat brain. We used an operant system in which a rat exposed to heat (40 degrees C) could get cold air (0 degrees C) for 30 s when it moved into the reward area. Rats moved in and out of the reward area of the system periodically and thus maintained their bod...

Two-dimensional layered compounds with different counteranions, [{Mn(salen)}4C6](BF4)2·2(CH3OH) (1) and [{Mn(salen)}4C6](PF6)2·2(CH3OH) (2) (salen2- = N,N'-bis(salicylideneiminato), C62- = C6H12(COO)22-), were synthesized by assembling [Mn(salen)(H2O)]X (X- = BF4- and PF6-) and C6H12(CO2-)2 (C62-) in a methanol/2-propanol medium. The compounds have similar structures, which are composed of Mn(s...

Currently, the threshold T must be entered manually, based on given or estimated values for the SNR of the degraded image. Future work will look at ways to automate this process. Also, we found that at very low SNR, the AMP median filter introduces a few speckles into the restored image. We suspect that this may be due to incorrect adaption in regions of exceptionally high noise levels. Further...

Aprofileπ = (x1, . . . , xk), of length k, in a finite connected graphG is a sequence of vertices ofG, with repetitions allowed. Amedian x ofπ is a vertex forwhich the sumof the distances from x to the vertices in the profile is minimum. The median function finds the set of all medians of a profile. Medians are important in location theory and consensus theory. A median graph is a graph for whi...