It is not known how extensively a localised flexor tendon injury affects the entire tendon. This study examined the extent of and relationship between histopathologic and gene expression changes in equine superficial digital flexor tendon after a surgical injury. One forelimb tendon was hemi-transected in six horses, and in three other horses, one tendon underwent a sham operation. After euthan...

Proximal hamstring injuries are a common sports and recreational injury among the active patient population. Surgical fixation of tendons muscle complex, as opposed to conservative treatment alone, has shown improved outcomes, prompting evolution suture anchors utilized in these repairs. Previous studies investigating biomechanical properties repair have focused on double-row knotless technique...

Introduction The classic description of the flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) muscle states that, it arises by two heads, humero-ulnar and radial heads respectively and divides into four muscle bundles in the distal third of the forearm. The muscle bundles then form four separate tendons above the wrist and get inserted to the sides of the shaft of the middle phalanx of the medial four digit...

PURPOSE To develop and evaluate an anatomic reconstruction procedure of the posterolateral and anteromedial bundles of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). TYPE OF STUDY Anatomic study and case series. METHODS The femoral attachment of the anteromedial and posterolateral bundles of the ACL was anatomically analyzed with 5 cadaveric knees. Using another 3 cadaveric knees, anatomic reconstru...

We compared the effect of the number of weekly repetitions of a static stretching program on the flexibility, hamstring tightness and electromyographic activity of the hamstring and of the triceps surae muscles. Thirty-one healthy subjects with hamstring tightness, defined as the inability to perform total knee extension, and shortened triceps surae, defined by a tibiotarsal angle wider than 90...

Hamstring tendon autograft is a routine graft for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. However, ways of improving the healing between the tendon and bone is often overlooked in clinical practice. This issue can be addressed by using a biomimetic scaffold. Herein, a biomimetic nanofiber membrane of polycaprolactone/nanohydroxyapatite/collagen (PCL/nHAp/Col) is fabricated that mimics ...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare the clinical outcome and postoperative complication between single-bundle anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction with an anteromedial (AM) technique and a transtibial (TT) technique. METHODS The study includes clinical randomized controlled trials comparing the clinical outcomes of ACL reconstruction using the autologous hamstring tendo...