About 480 million tons of rice (milled base) are produced annually in the world. It is one cereals with a low trade rate for its production. In Asia, more than 90% world's production produced. The top 10 countries all Asian countries. main operation cultivation consists planting, management while growing (weed & pest control, water management), harvesting, and post-harvest processing. addit...

Since the discovery of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) 20 years ago, an avalanche of scientific publications have reported major developments and changes in specialized equipment, reagents, sample preparation, computer programs and techniques, generated through business, government and university research. The requirement for genetic sequences for primer selection and validation has been gr...

It is well-known that many relevant aspects of everyday reasoning based on natural language cannot be adequately expressed in classical rst-order logic. In this paper we address two of the problems, rstly that of so-called presuppositions, expressions from which it is possible to draw implicit conclusion, which classical logic normally does not warrant, and secondly the related problem of parti...

In most developing countries the process of delivering pesticides to the target (i.e. application of pesticides) is not well understood nor is it generally well managed. A number of factors contribute to this situation, among them are a lack of adequate policies and legislation, lack of education resulting in poor knowledge, lack of research and capital availability, many and varied pest proble...

Innovations in ophthalmology have developed rapidly in recent years with the advent of small incision surgery and the engineering of more efficient phacoemulsification and vitrectomy machines(Georgescu, Kuo et al. 2008; Hubschman, Bourges et al. 2009). We feel that these latest developments lend themselves to the mechanization of ocular surgery, and the next major advancement in ophthalmology w...