We present a reinterpretation of lexical information embedded in the English WordNet in an alternate type of structure called lexical system. First, we characterize lexical systems as graphs of lexical units (word senses) connected mainly by Meaning-Text lexical function relations, then introduce a hand-built lexical system: the French Lexical Network or frLN, a lexical resource that implements...

This essay starts with an illustration of ontology with an example of representing the meaning of word, versement. It explores possible uses of ontology information for human translators and machine language processing, such as semantic interpretation, interface to databases, response generation, dialogue management. The terminology with ontological information is valuable semantic resources fo...

This paper presents a robust client/server implementation of a word sense disambiguator for English. This system associates a word with its meaning in a given context using dictionaries as tagged corpora in order to extract semantic disambiguation rules. Semantic rules are used as input of a semantic application program which encodes a linguistic strategy in order to select the best disambiguat...

Malapropism is a semantic error that is hardly detectable because it usually retains syntactical links between words in the sentence but replaces one content word by a similar word with quite different meaning. A method of automatic detection of malapropisms is described, based on Web statistics and a specially defined Semantic Compatibility Index (SCI). For correction of the detected errors, s...

Previous work has shown that illiterate subjects are better at naming two-dimensional representations of real objects when presented as colored photos as compared to black and white drawings. This raises the question if color or textural details selectively improve object recognition and naming in illiterate compared to literate subjects. In this study, we investigated whether the surface textu...

background esophageal cancer is highly prevalent among the turkman people in northeastern iran. in order to evaluate its etiology, there is an on-going prospective cohort study in this area involving approximately 50000 subjects over the age of 40 years. the majority of these subjects are illiterate, thus obtaining inâ­formed consent is very important and difficult. methods initially, we explai...