Different integer linear programming (ILP) have been proposed for design of optical networks. The traditional approaches divide design into two separate problems: virtual topology design (VTD), in which best connections among nodes are derived from traffic demand; and routing-and-wavelength assignment (RWA), in which physical paths are accommodated in the physical topology to support the reques...

We propose a new technique, the use of FBGs (fiber Bragg gratings), for accurate, easy and low cost wavelength calibration of GAIA, RAVE and follow-ups spectra at local Observatories. FBGs mark the spectra with absorption lines, freely defined in number and position during the fibers manufacturing. The process goes in parallel with the science exposure and through the same optical train and pat...

In this paper, we study the following problem. Given the network topology and traffic demand, determine how a minimum set of wavelength converters should be placed to ensure that the number of wavelengths needed will not exceed a given bound L+u, where L is the maximum link load in the network and u is a parameter defined by the network designer to reflect the overall availability of wavelength...

We demonstrate the feasibility of the process for fabricating a single-mode waveguide and a large-core multimode waveguide aligned vertically on the same substrate. Using this process, we propose and demonstrate a filter that drops optical signal propagating in a single-mode waveguide to a multimode waveguide in the specific wavelength interval by a long-period grating. We use perfluorocyclobut...

In this paper, design and simulation of a nanometric displacement measurement system is discussed. The combination of the Doppler effect and interferometry method is being used. A stabilized three-longitudinalmode He-Ne laser with o A 6328 wavelength and cm 35 cavity length is used. Its primary and secondary beat frequencies are 428.60MHz, 429.27MHz, and 670kHz, respectively. Therefore, the max...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES There exist contradictory reports about low-intensity laser light-stimulated cell proliferation. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of wavelength on proliferation of cultured murine cells. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS Proliferation of primary cell cultures was measured after irradiation with varying laser wavelengths. RESULTS Fibroblasts pr...

Ceramic YAG/Yb:YAG/YAG planar waveguide lasers were realized on continuous-wave and mode-locked operations. The straight waveguide, fabricated by non-aqueous tape casting and solid state reactive sintering, enabled highly efficient diode-pumped waveguide continuous-wave laser with the slope efficiency of 66% and average output power of more than 3 W. The influence of the waveguide structure on ...

An ultrafast GaAs Schottky photodiode is monolithically integrated with a microwave detector. By using this new optoelectronic circuit.in place of a nonlinear crystal in an optical correlation setup, the high-speed photodiode can measure laser pulse durations without using expensive sampling oscilloscopes. Key advantages are that this circuit works over a broad wavelength range and at low peak ...

We observed an anomalous linear photogalvanic effect (ALPGE) in undoped InGaAs/AlGaAs multiple quantum well and studied its wavelength dependence in details. This effect is believed to originate from the optical momentum alignment effect and the inhomogeneity of light intensity. We find that the spot location with the maximum ALPGE current is wavelength independent. And the normalized ALPGE cur...

In Wavelength Division Multiplexing based Passive Optical Network (WDM-PON), multiple wavelength used to separate Optical Network Unit (ONU). Which actually increase the capacity of PON . WDM process can be dense and ultra-dense depending on channel spacing. In this paper we compare performance of Array Waveguide Grating Demultiplexer (AWG DEMUX) and Fiber Bragg Grating based Demultiplexer (FBG...