Outer-rotor switched reluctance machines (SRMs) have drawn much attention as promising candidates for in-wheel direct-drive motors of future electric vehicles. This article presents a systematic performance comparison three outer-rotor SRM topologies traction applications in terms the specific torque, electromagnetic efficiency, torque ripple, radial force, and mechanical aspects. A generalized...

This paper presents a novel robust fractional PIλ controller design for flexible joint electrically driven robots. Because of using voltage control strategy, the proposed approach is free of problems arising from torque control strategy in the design and implementation. In fact, the motor's current includes the effects of nonlinearities and coupling in the robot manipulator. Therefore, cancella...

OBJECTIVE To observe the changes of volt-ampere characteristics of Yuan-Primary acupoints in women before, during and after menstruation, and to find out the relationships between Qi-blood in human body and volt-ampere characteristics of acupoints, so as to develop a new method for quantitative analysis on changes of Qi-blood. METHODS A high-sensitive detection system of volt-ampere character...

This paper presents a flux-weakening model predictive control (FW-MPC) for the interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drive system. The FW is strategy to extend IPMSM’s operating region. However, primary needs track torque reference and maximize electrical per current amplitude with voltage limitations. two objects make it impossible solve problem using optimization method. We prop...

By combining the field-weakening control principle of a new axial flux-switching permanent-magnet motor (AFFSSPM) with the space vector pulse width modulation (SVPWM) and maximum torque per voltage (MTPV) control principle, a novel field-weakening control strategy for AFFSSPM is proposed in this paper. In the first stage of the field-weakening, the difference between the reference voltage updat...

The time course of knee extension torque was measured in human quadriceps muscles during 30 min of transcutaneous neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES). Ninety subjects were divided into six experimental groups (n = 15 per group), which received stimulation at one of the following frequency/duty cycle combinations: 10 Hz/50%, 30 Hz/50%, 50 Hz/50%, 10 Hz/70%, 30 Hz/70%, and 50 Hz/70%. Two-...

In this paper, we analyze the self-stability properties of planar running with a dissipative spring-mass model driven by torque actuation at the hip. We first show that a two-dimensional, approximate analytic return map for uncontrolled locomotion with this system under a fixed touchdown leg angle policy and an open-loop ramp torque profile exhibits only marginal self-stability that does not al...

Berg, H. E., L. Larsson, and P. A. Tesch. Lower limb skeletal muscle function after 6 wk of bed rest. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(1): 182–188, 1997.—Force, electromyographic (EMG) activity, muscle mass, and fiber characteristics were studied in seven healthy men before and after 6 wk of bed rest. Maximum voluntary isometric and concentric knee extensor torque decreased (P , 0.05) uniformly across angu...

PURPOSE To determine 1) the differences in maximum torque between 7 biodegradable and 2 titanium screw systems, and 2) the differences of maximum torque between "hand tight" and break of the biodegradable and the titanium osteofixation screw systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four oral and maxillofacial surgeons inserted 8 specimens of all 9 screw systems in polymethylmethacrylate plates. The sur...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the short-term effects of high-intensity, task-specific vs regular rehabilitation programme on neuromuscular activity and functional changes in elderly inpatients. DESIGN Single-blind, randomized controlled trial. PATIENTS Sixty-two patients, aged 74.1 (standard deviation (SD) 6.9) years, 12.8 (SD 3.6) days after operation of one lower limb. METHODS Allocation to eit...