Through the simulation analysis of settlement and deformation law surface buildings caused by construction biased tunnel, following points are obtained: (1) The Peak formula is revised, influence range tunnel predicted based on formula. (2) It concluded that when biased, position maximum ground generally in a parallel area 0.5 times buried depth from center line tunnel. (3) double-layer verific...

Larval reef fish possess considerable swimming and sensory abilities, which could enable navigation towards settlement habitat from the open ocean. Due to their small size and relatively low survival, tagging individual larvae is not a viable option, but numerical modeling studies have proven useful for understanding the role of orientation throughout ontogeny. Here we combined the theoretical ...

New resting cyst production is crucial for the survival of many microbial eukaryotes including phytoplankton that cause harmful algal blooms. Production in situ has previously been estimated through sediment trap deployments, but here was instead assessed through estimation of the total number of planktonic cells and new resting cysts produced by a localized, inshore bloom of Alexandrium catene...

This study introduced at first the background of numerous highway widening projects that have been developed in recent years in China. Using a large ground settlement simulator and a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) strain sensor network system, a large-scale model test, with a similarity ratio of 1:2, was performed to analyze the influence of differential settlement between new and old subgrades on p...

Both ecological and social factors play an important role in determining the structure of animal settlement patterns. While the ecological factors determining animal settlement are generally well known, the relative importance of social factors in mediating fine-scale settlement choices is poorly understood. As a result, we have little knowledge of why individuals choose to settle near specific...

Effective watershed management requires that decision-makers receive input about, and balance consideration of, a number of competing factors. The fundamental drivers of watershed change are modifications to landuse and settlement patterns. To model the effects of landuse and settlement changes properly requires, at a minimum, the ability to model effects related to surface and subsurface hydro...

It has been reported that planula larvae of some jellyfish prefer artificial substrates for settlement. This research focused on the relationship between the settlement of planulae and the wettability of artificial substrate surfaces. We used atmospheric plasmas to change the wettability of the surfaces of polycarbonate (PC) plates because plasma treatment has no chemical side effects. The trea...

Settlement size predicts extreme variation in the rates and magnitudes of many social and ecological processes in human societies. Yet, the factors that drive human settlement-size variation remain poorly understood. Size variation among economically integrated settlements tends to be heavy tailed such that the smallest settlements are extremely common and the largest settlements extremely larg...

Understanding how surface physicochemical properties influence the settlement and adhesion of marine fouling organisms is important for the development of effective and environmentally benign marine antifouling coatings. We demonstrate that the thickness of random poly(HEMA-co-PEG10MA) copolymer brushes affect antifouling behavior. Films of thicknesses ranging from 50 to 1000 Å were prepared vi...

This paper examines the use of sorting by defendants as a strategy for lowering their overall costs of litigation. The effectiveness of this strategy relies on the defendant’s ability to bundle settlement offers with some other variable that is valued differently by plaintiffs. The example I examine in this paper is settlement delay. For example, if plaintiffs have different time costs of pursu...