Newly discovered Homo remains, stone artifacts, and animal fossils from Dmanisi, Republic of Georgia, provide a basis for better understanding patterns of hominin evolution and behavior in Eurasia ca. 1.77 million years ago. Here we describe a fourth skull that is nearly complete, lacking all but one of its teeth at the time of death. Both the maxillae and the mandible exhibit extensive bone lo...

The hard palate is formed anteriorly by the palatine processes of maxillae and posteriorly by the horizontal plates of palatine bones. The region of the median palatal intermaxillary suture is occasionally raised in whole or part of its length into a prominent ridge known as torus palatinus. A similar longitudinal maxillary torus may also appear on the palate. Torus palatinus is the most common...

Holoprosencephaly (HPE), a disorder which results from a failure of cleavage or the incomplete differentiation of the forebrain structures at various levels or to various degrees, is related to hereditary factors, chromosomal anomalies, cytogenetic abnormalities, and environmental teratogenic factors. We are reporting a case of a multiparous woman who was G3,P3,L2, who delivered a full term foe...

In the management of head and neck cancer, radiotherapy is usually a coadjuvant to surgery, or is applied on a palliative basis. The most important complication of such radiotherapy is osteoradionecrosis, which manifests as an area of exposed necrotic bone in the maxillae or mandible that fails to heal during at least three months. In most cases osteoradionecrosis gradually progresses, becoming...

The goal of this research was to investigate the type and frequency of mandibular and maxillary lesions that could not be diagnosed relying solely on external macroscopic observation. The sample comprised of 189 maxillae and 182 mandibles from a late-medieval graveyard. The material was examined both macroscopically and radiologically, using traditional X-ray facilities, orthopantomographs, and...

In everyday dental practice, during typical tooth extraction or oral surgery, sometimes unexpected complications happen. Concerning extraction of maxillary molars, fracture of the maxillary tuberosity is among the most delicate. This fracture is a serious complication; depending on its dimensions, it can present surgical, as well as prosthetic problem. From the prosthetic point of view, anatomi...

Between 1990 and 1995, 214 implants were placed in 29 maxillae and mandibles of 22 patients following extraction of all residual teeth as a consequence of severe periodontal disease. All patients were discharged wearing immediate dentures. The implants were analyzed with regard to the number per arch, location, length, and diameter. The 5-year cumulative survival rate was 98.5%. The mean number...

The ingestion and digestion of two co-existing ephemeropteran larvae, Meridialaris diguillina (Leptophlebiidae) and Baetis sp (Baetidae) were examined and their mouthpart morphologies were compared. M. diguillina bears conspicuous brushinglike maxillae and Baetis sp has toothed, scope-like lacinia-galeae and mandibles. Larvae were fed on periphyton and faeces were collected for examination. The...

This study is focussed on the redescription of Ecdyonurus (Ecdyonurus) russevi Braasch & Soldán on the basis of the type material (holotype and paratypes) and topotypes collected in the Strandzha Mts. (Bulgaria). Female imago and subimago, larva and egg of the species are described for the first time and the male imago is redescribed in detail. The features distinguishing the species from other...

There are many claims that abnormal breathing patterns alter facial growth; however, there are limited controlled data to confirm these claims. Thirty children with allergy, aged 6 to 12 years, who had moderate-to-severe nasal mucosal edema on physical examination and who appeared to breathe predominantly through the mouth and 15 children without allergy who had normal findings from nasal exami...