Depression is highly prevalent in welfare recipients, and is associated with failure to move from welfare to work. This paper examines the relationship between social and environmental factors in a large, community-based sample of mothers who currently or recently received welfare benefits. Specific and modifiable risk factors related to poverty, gender, and race were found to predict major dep...

Social trust is the main component of social capital. In this regard, subjective welfare is one of the important aspects of human life. Based on the human needs growth, it must be considered both objective and subjective aspect of welfare. The present study tries to use survey method and collect data by cluster sampling among 381 persons of 20-29 Youth in Tehran as the sample of this research. ...

Calving difficulty is a trait that greatly affects animal welfare, herd profitability, and the amount of labor required by cattle farmers. It is influenced by direct and maternal genetic components. Selection and breeding strategies can optimize the accuracy of genetic evaluations and correctly emphasize calving difficulty in multiple-trait indices provided there are accurate estimates of genet...

In mammalian pregnancy, maternal cardiovascular adaptations must match the requirements of the growing fetus(es), and respond to physiologic and pathologic conditions. Such adaptations are particularly demanding for mammals bearing large-litter pregnancies, with their inherent conflict between the interests of each individual fetus and the welfare of the entire progeny. The mouse is the most co...

BACKGROUND Maternal morbidity and mortality among HIV-infected women is a global concern. This study compared mortality and health outcomes of HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected mothers at 18-20 months postpartum within routine prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) services in a rural district in Malawi. METHODS A retrospective cohort study of mother-child dyads at 18-20 mont...

young children with history of maternal stress during pregnancy suffer from several neurological and psychological disorders in the childhood. the purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of maternal stress during pregnancy on the neural apoptosis in the newborns. pregnant wistar rats were divided into control and stress groups. stress was applied on the pregnant females from day 15 ...

conclusions smm analysis provides valuable information on obstetric care. this study highlighted the need to improve antenatal care, which would help early identification of high-risk pregnancies. every smm could progress to maternal mortality if is not suspected, diagnosed and managed on its golden time. background investigating severe maternal morbidity/near miss is a newly recognized tool wh...

introduction maternal and fetal characteristics can be effect on optimism which vary among different cultures and countries. so the aim of this study was to determine prenatal optimism and its relationship with fetal and maternal characteristics in primiparous women. materials and methods this research study was a descriptive cross - sectional. the statistical populations consisted of 240 pregn...