Alkaline wet oxidation and steam explosion pretreatments of sugarcane bagasse were compared with regard to biomass fractionation, formation of by-products, and enzymatic convertibility of the pretreated material. Wet oxidation led to the solubilisation of 82% of xylan and 50% of lignin, and to a two-fold increase of cellulose content in the pretreated solids, while steam explosion solubilised o...

In the pharmaceutical industry, it is always important to have reproducible processes and raw materials of high quality to ensure good quality products. AstraZeneca, that is a leading manufacturer of different pharmaceuticals, works according to GMP to make sure that their processes deliver products of the same quality every time. A problem that has occurred at AstraZeneca is when a raw materia...

This paper aims at exploring and discus­ sing the possibilities of applying qualitative content analysis as a (text) interpretation method in case study research. First, case study research as a research strategy within qualitative social research is briefly presented. Then, a basic introduction to (qualitative) content analysis as an interpretation method for qualitative interviews and other d...

Pentacenequinone PnQ impurities have been introduced into a pentacene source material in a controlled manner to quantify the relative effects of the impurity content on the grain boundary structure and thin film nucleation. Atomic force microscopy has been employed to directly characterize by weight films grown by using 0.0%–7.5% PnQ in the source material. Analysis of the distribution of captu...

A method utilizing thin-layer chromatography with a flame ionization detector (TLC-FID) was developed for assessing the stability of breeder's oil seed samples based on the formation of polar compounds. The results showed a linear relationship between peroxide value (PV) and the content of polar material in the oxidized oil. Oil samples oxidized very readily on chromarods, even at low temperatu...

*Correspondence: Soo-Jeong Shin, Department of Wood and Paper Science, Laboratory of Plant Biomass Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, South Korea e-mail: [email protected] To investigate the solid raw material characteristics of willow (Salix caprea) bark and woody core, this study analyzed overall chemical composition, monosaccharide composition, ash content...

In concrete repair systems, material properties of the repair material and the interface are greatly influenced by the moisture exchange between the repair material and the substrate. If the substrate is dry, it can absorb water from the repair material and reduce its effective water-to-cement ratio (w/c). This further affects the hydration rate of cement based material. In addition to the chan...

http://heart.bmj.com/content/96/5/390.full.html Updated information and services can be found at: These include: Material Supplemental http://heart.bmj.com/content/suppl/2010/02/23/96.5.390.DC1.html References http://heart.bmj.com/content/96/5/390.full.html#related-urls Article cited in: http://heart.bmj.com/content/96/5/390.full.html#ref-list-1 This article cites 17 articles, 5 of which can be...

http://ard.bmj.com/content/69/8/1423.full.html Updated information and services can be found at: These include: Material Supplemental http://ard.bmj.com/content/suppl/2010/07/22/69.8.1423.DC1.html References http://ard.bmj.com/content/69/8/1423.full.html#related-urls Article cited in: http://ard.bmj.com/content/69/8/1423.full.html#ref-list-1 This article cites 37 articles, 13 of which can be ac...

In this paper attempts have been done to create a mortar with relatively high uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), easy casting, high flexibility, instant hardening, low cost and easy availability. The main use of this material is to physically model the mechanical behavior of jointed rock-like blocks. The effect of four parameters such as joint roughness coefficient (JRC), bridge length (L), b...