Previous studies demonstrated that choline supply is directly linked to high-fat-diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance in mice. The aim of this study was to evaluate if choline supply could also modulate obesity and insulin resistance caused by a genetic defect. Eight-week-old male ob/ob mice were fed for two months with either choline-deficient or choline-supplemented diet. Tissue weight...

developmental midline perinasal masses in children are rare lesions specifically in association with choristomas. we encountered a 3-year-old boy with epiphora, a striking mass on the nasal bridge and ipsilateral nasal hypoplasia. ct scan imaging showed multiple calcified areas within the tumor in addition to linear defect in frontal bone, hypoplastic left ethmoidal sinus and left nasal cavity,...

Currarino syndrome is a rare congenital malformation characterised by the triad of: an anorectal malformation, sacral bony defect and presacral mass. One but possible anal canal duplication, anomaly which not only most distal also rarest form of digestive tract duplication. We present case four-year-old female who had complete including

introduction: epidermoid tumors comprise 1% of intracranial tumors. although reported, intraosseous epidermoid tumors are even more rare. cystic lesions of the petrous apex are uncommon and surgically challenging; the most rare pathology is presumed to be epidermoid.rncase presentation: this is a case of a 61-year-old woman with a large skull-base tumor extending inferiorly from the c1-c2 artic...

there are few reports about congenital indifference to pain or hereditary and sensory autonomic neuropathy (hsan). several investigations for pathophysiology of this syndrome have been performed and different classifications about it. in this report we present a case of hsan type ii with general absence of pain and self amputations and leprosy–like damage of extremities which was suspected to b...

rehabilitation of facial defects is a complex task, requiring an individualized design of the technique for each patient. the disfigurement associated with the loss of an eye may result in significant physical and emotional problems. various treatment modalities are available, one of which is the use of implants. although implant-supported orbital prosthesis has a superior outcome, it may not b...

background:   to introduce our experience of using the free neurovascular flap from great and second toe. methods:   thirteen patients (fifteen fingers) sought surgical treatment for soft tissue defects of the hand at our medical institutin between march 2006 and september 2009. in two patients, fibular side skin-nail flaps of great toe were applied to cover the dorsal defect of distal thumb. i...

in this investigation the effects of excess vitamin a administration during the early embryonic period were studied. intramuscular injection of a single dose of 15000,20000 or 25000 iu/kg vitamin a to pregnant balb/c strain mice on either day 7,8,9 or 10 of gestation (vaginal plug= day 0 of gestation) produced major malformations in the central nervous system (cns) including exencephaly, hydroc...

in the present research, molecular detection of bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (blad) and complex vertebral malformation (cvm)in a population of iranian holstein cows has been carried outusing milk somatic cells by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(pcr-rflp). the blad and cvm are monogenic and autosomal recessive heredity lethal syndrome in holstein-friesi...