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Abstract The introduction to this special issue provides some considerations on early modern sanctity as a historical object. It firstly presents the major shifts in developing idea of between late medieval period and nineteenth century, passing through construction its cultural, social, political implications. Secondly, it an overview main sources that allow historians retrace sanctity, especi...

This article considers the eulogy given by George Bell, then bishop of Chichester, at London remembrance service held in July 1945 for Dietrich Bonhoeffer. Bell's offers a unique form marking death. On one hand he presented traditional biography Bonhoeffer, whilst same time depicted Bonhoeffer's life as not over, but having moved into stage glorified martyrdom. The explores how Bell argued that...

Background: The quality of drinking water supplied to hospitals is directly related the health services provided people.
 Objective: To assess chemical and microbial standards four public on Baghdad's eastern side.
 Patients Methods: In this study, 100 samples were collected from taps hospitals. Scientific methods followed collect in clean, sterile bottles. chemophysical characteristi...

On 8 September 1968, Ryszard Siwiec set fi re to himself during a harvest festival in the 10th Anniversary Stadium in Warsaw. Through his self-immolation, he sought to protest against Communist rule in general and the Warsaw Pact invasion of Czechoslovakia in particular. However, his death did not gain wider attention. Further protests ‘by fi re’ took place in the subsequent months and years in...