The CO(2)-concentrating mechanism (CCM) of the marine eustigmatophycean microalga Nannochloropsis gaditana consists of an active HCO(3)(-) transport system and an internal carbonic anhydrase to facilitate accumulation and conversion of HCO(3)(-) to CO(2) for photosynthetic fixation. Aqueous inlet mass spectrometry revealed that a portion of the CO(2) generated within the cells leaked to the med...

Almost all ICES member countries have policies that address the impacts of human activities on marine ecosystems. These policies may explicitly be framed as an implementation of an ecosystem approach. An important example is the Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) of the European Union (EC, 2008), which is a comprehensive framework for achieving good environmental status (GES) for Europe...

Chronic undersampling of the marine environment, including both biological and physical components, has been and remains a major block to understanding how marine ecosystems function and how they respond to changes, whether natural or anthropogenic. Consequently, data-based models that accurately predict local variations in the abundance of plant and animal life in the sea are rare or do not ex...

Marine invasions have been identified in virtually all regions of the world, yet relatively few introductions have been detected in the Tropics. This has been attributed at least in part to an increase in intrinsic native community resistance at lower latitudes resulting from strongly interacting food webs in high(er) diversity systems. However, recent evidence from surveys in Australia and els...