The present study investigates the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the major bioactive constituents of medicinally important plant Taraxacum officinale in its aqueous and methanol extract of root, stem and flower. Saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, phenols were highly concentrated in the stem, root and flower, with the higher concentration of flavonoids in the flower extracts. Phenols an...

In this work labeling of planar graphs is taken up which involves labeling the p vertices, the q edges and the f internal faces such that the weights of the faces form an arithmetic progression with common difference d. If d = 0, then the planar graph is said to have an Inner Magic labeling; and if d = 0, then it is Inner Antimagic labeling. Some new kinds of graphs have been developed which ha...

Mutations in the AGAMOUS (AG) gene cause transformations in two adjacent whorls of the Arabidopsis flower. Petals develop in the third floral whorl rather than the normal stamens, and the cells that would normally develop into the fourth whorl gynoecium behave as if they constituted an ag flower primordium. Early in flower development, AG RNA is evenly distributed throughout third and fourth wh...

Flower senescence is a highly controlled developmental event that culminates in the death of the floral organs. Most research on flower senescence has focused on the perianth, since it typically determines the commercial life of the flower. The mechanism by which the perianth dies differs between species: in some flowers, wilting is the primary symptom of senescence whereas in others, the peria...

In order to study the extent to which rumen soluble nitrogen can contribute to the intestinal flow, a study was carried out to simultaneously assess the dynamics of protein disappearance from dacron bags placed in the rumen and the amount of various N products in the rumen fluid (total nitrogen (tN), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), non-ammonia nitrogen (NAN)). The measurements were carried out on 4 s...

Flower development in apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) extends over two consecutive seasons. During the first season, most shoot apical meristems change to reproductive growth and initiate flowers. After winter dormancy, flower development continues during the second season and ends with anthesis in the spring. To determine the beginning of the transition to reproductive growth at the molecular l...

Here, we analyse the flight behaviour of the hawkmoth Manduca sexta while it approaches three different artificial flower stimuli: a clearly visible blue flower, an invisible scented flower and a flower that is both visible and scented. By tracking the moths in fine temporal detail, we find that flight towards an artificial flower differs depending on whether the stimulus is unimodal (either vi...

Thrips were sampled from six nectarine orchards in the Dry Central Interior, British Columbia, Canada, between April and June 1993 using yellow sticky cards on posts spaced around the perimeter of each orchard. Although 12 identified species of thrips were captured, >90% of individuals were the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande). The flight patterns and abundances of w...

Nectar-feeding bats show morphological, physiological, and behavioral adaptations for feeding on nectar. How they find and localize flowers is still poorly understood. While scent cues alone allow no precise localization of a floral target, the spatial properties of flower echoes are very precise and could play a major role, particularly at close range. The aim of this study is to understand th...

In this manuscript, we have developed an efficient spraying method to successfully fabricate a series of flower-like coordination polymers (CP) microparticles, including Co/BDC (1,4-benzenedicarboxylate) metal organic frameworks (MOF) and infinite coordination polymers (ICP) microparticles, as well as Ni-Co/BDC MOF and Zn/DOBDC (2,5-dioxido-1,4-benzenedicarboxylate) MOF. The spraying method has...