Several macrolide-, lincosamide-, and streptogramin B-type (MLS) antibiotics were tested as inducers of erythromycin A (EM)-resistant [(14)C]leucine incorporation. Only 14-membered-ring macrolides having a glycosidically linked 6-deoxy sugar at the C-3 position of the lactone ring and the structurally dissimilar lincosamide, celesticetin, showed inducer activity. Modifications of EM at the C-4'...

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is a major cause of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children, accounting for 10-30% of the etiological agents wor ldwide. Yet , the epidemio logy of M. pneumonia-associated CAP in Hong Kong remains unknown for several reasons. First, there is no systemic surveillance of agents causing CAP in place in Hong Kong. Secondly, serology was the mainstay of d...

Macrolide antibiotics are the first-line treatment for Mycoplasma genitalium infections; however, macrolide resistance has increased up to 40% in several countries (1–3). Consequently, the 2016 European guideline on M. genitalium infections has recommended complementing the molecular detection of M. genitalium with an assay capable of detecting macrolide resistance-associated mutations (4). We ...

Macrolide resistance in Mycobacterium avium can be detected with an adaption of a commercially available RNA/RNA duplex mismatch assay (Ambion, Austin, Tex.). The sensitivity and specificity values for the assay were 100% when evaluated against 41 macrolide-resistant and -susceptible strains of M. avium. Resistant subpopulations of approximately 20% could be readily detected. The assay is simpl...

The genetic basis of macrolide resistance was investigated in a collection of 48 genotypically unrelated clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae obtained between 1987 and 1997 in France. All strains were resistant to erythromycin, clindamycin, and streptogramin B, exhibiting a macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B resistance phenotype, and harbored the erm(B) gene. None of the strains car...

Denmark experienced two waves of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection during autumn and early winter in 2010 and 2011, respectively. Both affected the whole country. The proportion of positive results was almost the same for both, indicating that the two waves were probably of equal size. High macrolide consumption during the epidemics did not seem to affect levels of macrolide resistance in M. pneu...

This study shows a significant association between the number of macrolide prescriptions reimbursed by the Italian National Health Service and resistance of Streptococcus pyogenes to erythromycin in children from a region in northern Italy with high prevalence of erythromycin resistance. Recent prescription of a macrolide (especially azithromycin) is a predictor of erythromycin resistance, as w...

The prevalence and mechanisms of macrolide resistance among 1,007 clinical pneumococcal isolates collected in Finland were investigated. Of these, 217 (21.5%) were resistant to erythromycin and 11% to clindamycin. Among the erythromycin-resistant isolates, mef(E) was present in 95 isolates (44%), mef(A) was present in 12 isolates (6%), and erm(B) was present in 90 isolates (41%). A double mecha...