Stroke volume augmentation during exercise is limited in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients because of decreased preload from dynamic hyperinflation (DH). We hypothesised that oxygen pulse and pulse pressure (PP) improve following lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS), and the magnitude of improvement correlates with reduction in DH. We compared 16 emphysema patients undergoing LVRS ...

Measurement of inspiratory capacity (IC) as a marker of dynamic lung hyperinflation has been shown to correlate with dyspnea and exercise performance in stable COPD, and is therefore of potential utility in the management of this condition. We have examined whether similar relationships exist during acute exacerbations of COPD and asthma in order to determine whether there is a role for IC moni...

Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) accounts for up to 50% of all deaths in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Increased arterial stiffness has been shown to predict cardiovascular events beyond the current traditional risk factors. We sought to assess the relationship of aortic stiffness in patients with elevated global cardiovascular risk against those with COPD a...

SUBJECT OBJECTIVE To assess the hemodynamic effects of manual lung hyperinflation in mechanically ventilated patients and to measure the different inspiratory pressures and tidal volumes generated by different operators. DESIGN Measurements of aortic blood flow (by esophageal Doppler ultrasonography), systemic blood pressure, tidal volumes (by respirometry), and inspiratory pressures in the v...

OBJECTIVES A combination of functional measurements reflecting a decrease in maximum flow, a degree of lung hyperinflation, the relationship between maximum inspiratory and expiratory flows, bronchodilator response, and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) was used to quantify the extent of emphysema, as assessed by high-resolution CT (HRCT) scanning. DESIGN Forced inspir...

For more than 50 years, small airways disease has been considered a key feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary (COPD) and major cause airway obstruction. Both preventable treatable, important clinical consequences if left unchecked. Small is associated with poor spirometry results, increased lung hyperinflation, health status, making the an treatment target in COPD. The early detection remain...

Dyspnoea is typically the main symptom limiting exercise capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) [1–3]. Exertional dyspnoea has been linked to dynamic hyperinflation (DH), when lung expansion critically encroaches upon the inspiratory reserve volume (IRV) [4]. Consequently, patients develop a rapid and shallow breathing pattern, which is energetically opposite to ...

Lung volumes are considered part of a complete pulmonary function test, but their value for enhancing clinical decision making is unknown. Unlike spirometry and diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (D(LCO)), which do contribute to confirming or excluding a diagnosis, there are few clear indications when lung volumes are discriminatory. Confirming "restriction" when vital capacity...