The fine structure of obliquely striated muscle fibres from the body wall of the earthworm has been investigated. Certain details of the structure have been confirmed by cutting serial sections. The fibres contain both thick and thin myofilaments. The latter are attached to Zmatenal and the 2 types of myofilament are arranged in interdigitating arrays to give rise to Aand I-bands and an H-zone ...

By controlled experiments that simulate marine depositional environments, it is shown that accelerated weathering and clay mineral authigenesis occur during the combined process of ingestion, digestion and excretion of fine-grained sediment by two species of annelid worms. Previously characterized synthetic mud was created using finely ground, low-grade metamorphic slate (temperature approximat...

Introduced seed dispersers can shift predation dynamics in native species, impacting plant establishment and spread. We studied the effect of non-native earthworm, Lumbricus terrestris, on loss large-seeded annual, Ambrosia trifida (giant ragweed), an expanding agricultural weed whose seeds are heavily predated by mice. terrestris may protect against rodent caching them its burrows from which s...

Root growth through biopores is facilitated by low mechanical impedance and nutrient enrichment due to the deposition of organic material at biopore sheath. Plant roots earthworms impact sheath properties differently. However, literature lacks a quantitative study root distribution within pores, which were originated taproots or earthworms. According previous on pore connectivity, it can be hyp...

Functional MRI (fMRI) measures neural activity indirectly by detecting the signal change associated with the hemodynamic response following brain activation. In order to alleviate the temporal and spatial specificity problems associated with fMRI, a number of attempts have been made to detect neural magnetic fields (NMFs) with MRI directly, but have thus far provided conflicting results. In thi...

The functional properties of the neuromuscular systems of animals are frequently studied by using isolated nerve-muscle preparations and a suitable physiological saline solution. In general suitable salines are obtained by determining the concentrations of major ions in an animal's body fluids and duplicating these concentrations in the form of a saline solution. Any alteration in the concentra...

Obliquely striated muscle fibres from the longitudinal and circular layers of the body wall of the earthworm were prepared in extended and contracted states for study in the electron microscope. Contracted fibres differ from extended ones in the following respects: (i) the I-bands are narrower, (ii) the A-bands are wider, and (iii) there are more rows of thick myofilaments in each A-band. The a...