Bed bugs were exposed to freezing temperatures for various exposure times to determine cold tolerance and mortality estimates for multiple life stages. The mean supercooling point for all bed bug life stages ranged from 21.3 C to 30.3 C, with the egg stage reporting the lowest value. A probit analysis provided a lower lethal temperature (LLT99) of 31.2 C when estimates from all life stages were...

cotton bollworm, helicoverpa armigera (hübner) is one of the most destructive insect pests on many crops in the world that has been found to develop resistance against conventional insecticides. using insecticides with different modes of action may result in appropriate control of the pest and delay insecticide resistance development. in this study, lethal and sublethal effects of emamectin ben...

The aquatic zooplankton crustacean Daphnia magna must be able to tolerate thermal stress in order to survive their native shallow ponds that are susceptible to drastic seasonal and diurnal temperature fluctuations as well as to globally increasing temperatures. Survival in such variable environments requires plastic responses that must include fundamental aspects of Daphnia biochemistry and phy...

Experienced thermal history often affects the temperature tolerance of fish; however, effect on growth performance is unclear. To contribute to effective stocking (release hatchery-reared juveniles in field), we conducted four laboratory experiments using juvenile marbled flounder (Pseudopleuronectes yokohamae, around 30 mm standard length and 0.3 g body wet weight) acclimated at 12 °C 24 for a...

A bstract. Soybean, Glycine max L., and elodea, Elodea canadensis Michx, leaves were exposed to sublethal and lethal temperatures and examined by light microscopy. Loss of ohlorophyll and swollen chloroplasts were observed in cells of elodea leaves exposed to sublethal temperatures. At the thermal death point of leaf cells of elodea and soybean, there was a disorganization of the tonoplast memb...