In California, pre-emergence herbicide residues have been measured in runoff water from citrus orchards that resulted from winter rainfall. This study measured the effect of rainfall on the redistribution of herbicides within a citrus orchard and the effect that shallow mechanical incorporation had on residue movement. Simulated rainfall treatments were applied to plots within a citrus orchard ...

Invasive species, local plant communities and invaded ecosystems change over space and time. Quantifying this change may lead to a better understanding of the ecology and the effective management of invasive species. We used data on density of the highly invasive shrub Lantana camara (lantana) for the period 1990-2008 from a 50 ha permanent plot in a seasonally dry tropical forest of Mudumalai ...

Difficulties in obtaining accurate precipitation measurements have limited meaningful hydrologic assessment for over a century due to performance challenges of conventional snowfall and rainfall gauges in windy environments. Here, we compare snowfall observations and bias adjusted snowfall to end-of-winter snow accumulation measurements on the ground for 16 years (1999-2014) and assess the impl...

Polyether ionophores, monensin, and salinomycin are commonly used as antiparasitic drugs in broiler production and may be present in broiler litter (bird excreta plus bedding material). Long-term application of broiler litter to pastures may lead to ionophore contamination of surface waters. Because polyether ionophores break down at low pH, we hypothesized that decreasing litter pH with an aci...

Due to the high density of buildings and low quality of the drainage pipe network in the city, urban non-point source pollution has become a serious problem encountered worldwide. This study investigated and analyzed the characteristics of non-point source pollution in Baoding City. A simulation model for non-point source pollution was developed based on the Stormwater Management Model (SWMM), ...

The effect of pastoral management on the standing crop biomass of large ungulates, an index of carrying capacity, is analysed at a regional level by using data compiled from published sources covering east and south Africa. The effect of primary production is controlled for by using two environmental factors, rainfall and soil nutrient availability, and the effect of species richness of the ung...

The dynamics of a mosquito population depends heavily on climatic variables such as temperature and precipitation. Since climate change models predict that global warming will impact on the frequency and intensity of rainfall, it is important to understand how these variables affect the mosquito populations. We present a model of the dynamics of a Culex quinquefasciatus mosquito population that...

Vegetation measurement was conducted on the rangelands of Western Darfur State at Zalingei locality late rainy season 2015 and 2016. The purpose study to assess range condition through determining forage production herbaceous cover western part town. sampling procedure based locating random ten (10) transects two quadrats in each transect were chosen, assessments included composition, species f...

Rainfall-runoff processes in a small oil palm catchment (8.2 ha) in Johor, Malaysia were examined. Storm hydrographs show rapid responses to rainfall with a short time to peak. The estimated initial hydrologic loss for the oil palm catchment is 5 mm. Despite the low initial loss, the catchment exhibits a high proportion of baseflow, approximately 54% of the total runoff. On an event basis, the ...