Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is a well-known human carcinogen associated with the incidence of lung cancer. Although overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been suggested to play a major role in its carcinogenicity, the mechanisms of Cr(VI)-induced ROS production remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the role of NADPH oxidase (NOX), one of the major sources of cellular ROS...

RATIONALE NADPH oxidase (Nox) 2 and Nox4 are major components of the Nox family which purposefully produce reactive oxidative species, namely O2(-) and H2O2, in the heart. The isoform-specific contribution of Nox2 and Nox4 to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE We investigated the role of Nox2 and Nox4 in mediating oxidative stress and myocardial injury during I/...

To test the hypothesis that NOx (NO and NO, metabolites of NO) accumulates in red blood cells (RBC) in response to changes in PCO(2) and bicarbonate (HCO) concentration in blood, we examined the effect of changes in PCO(2) and HCO induced by hyperventilation in healthy adults on partitioning of NOx in whole blood. NOx in hemolysate was measured by a high-performance liquid chromatography-Griess...

Lean NOx traps are an important concept for reducing NOx in lean exhausts from diesel engines and lean burn gasoline engines. A global kinetic model has been developed in this work that can describe the NOx emissions after the catalyst. The model is based on flow reactor experiments using a model Pt/Rh/BaO/Al2O3 catalyst. The objective with the model was to use global kinetics to facilitate rap...

The College of Engineering, Center for Environmental Research and Technology (CE-CERT) at the University of California (UCR) is undertaking a new project to develop a “Next Generation” environmental chamber for evaluating chemical mechanisms under lower pollutant conditions than has previously been possible (Carter et al., 1999). A major objective of this project is to generate mechanism evalua...

Three isogenic strains of Lactococcus lactis with different levels of H(2)O-forming NADH oxidase activity were used to study the effect of oxygen on glucose metabolism: the parent strain L. lactis MG1363, a NOX(-) strain harboring a deletion of the gene coding for H(2)O-forming NADH oxidase, and a NOX(+) strain with the NADH oxidase activity enhanced by about 100-fold. A comprehensive descripti...

This paper presents an excellent review of the theory of solid fuel combustion and NOx formation and control in the context of solid waste combustion. After pointing out that most research on NOx formation from solid fuels has been done on coal, the authors correctly point out that the while the basic principles of fuel and thermal NOx formation are well understood and permit NOx reductions in ...

An ever-increasing drift of energy consumption, unequal geographical distribution of natural wealth and the quest for low carbon fuel for a cleaner environment are sparking the production and use of biodiesels in many countries around the globe. In this work, jatropha and karanja biodiesels were produced from the respective crude vegetable oils through transesterification, and the different phy...

An ever-increasing drift of energy consumption, unequal geographical distribution of natural wealth and the quest for low carbon fuel for a cleaner environment are sparking the production and use of biodiesels in many countries around the globe. In this work, jatropha and karanja biodiesels were produced from the respective crude vegetable oils through transesterification, and the different phy...

NADPH oxidases (Noxes), transmembrane proteins found in most eukaryotic species, generate reactive oxygen species and are thereby involved in essential biological processes. However, the fact that genes encoding ferric reductases and ferric-chelate reductases share high sequence similarities and domains with Nox genes represents a challenge for bioinformatic approaches used to identify Nox-enco...