In recent years, the potential of seasonal outlooks for tornadoes has attracted the attention of researchers. Previous studies on this topic have focused mainly on the influence of global circulation patterns [e.g., El Niño– Southern Oscillation (ENSO), North Atlantic Oscillation, or Pacific decadal oscillation] on spring tornadoes. However, these studies have yielded conflicting results of the...

Based on the potential of the weather types classification method to study synoptic features, this study proposes the application of such methodology for the identification of the main large scale patterns related with weather in Central America. Using ERA Interim low-level winds in a domain that encompasses the intra-Americas sea, the eastern tropical Pacific, southern North America, Central A...

A simple theory is presented for a nocturnal low-level jet (LLJ) over a planar slope. The theory extends the classical inviscid inertial-oscillation model of LLJs to include upand downslope motion in the boundary layer within a stably-stratified environment. An initial value problem for the coupled equations of motion and thermodynamic energy is solved for air parcels suddenly freed of a fricti...

The summertime Great Plains low-level jet (LLJ) has been the subject of numerous investigations during the past several decades. Characteristics of the LLJ include nighttime development of a pronounced wind maximum of typically 15–20 m s at levels 300–800 m above the surface and a clockwise rotation of the wind maximum during the course of the night. Maximum frequency of occurrence of the LLJ i...

This study finds that the El Niño influences on the summer Great Plains low-level jet (GPLLJ) are different for the Central Pacific (CP) and Eastern Pacific (EP) types during their decaying phases. While the CP El Niño induces negative sea level pressure anomalies over the Gulf of Mexico to drive anomalous northerly winds weakening the GPLLJ, the EP El Niño intensifies theGPLLJ by inducing anom...

A climatology of the Great Plains low-level jet (LLJ) is developed from 2 yr of research rawinsonde data obtained up to eight times per day at a site in north-central Oklahoma. These data have better height and time resolution than earlier studies, and show that jets are stronger than previously reported and that the heights of maximum wind speed are closer to the ground. LLJs are present in 47...

introduction : the aim of this study was to examine and compare the apical sealing ability of ah26, ah plus and ah plus jet using a fluid filtration model. materials and methods : 70 single-rooted teeth were dissected from the cement-enamel junction. canals were prepared with protaper rotary system and manual k files and irrigated with 5.25% naocl and 17% edta. ten teeth were assigned as contro...

The shaped charge tandem warhead is an effective weapon against the ERA (explosive reactive armor). Whether the pre-warhead can reliably initiate the ERA directly determines the entire performance of the tandem warhead. The existing shaped charge pre-warhead mostly adopts a metal shaped jet, which effectively initiates the ERA, but interferes the main shaped jet. This article, on the other hand...