the effect of different levels of zinc and copper organic supplements on performance, plasma copper plus zinc status, serum alkaline phosphatase (alp), ceruloplasmin (cp) activity as well as vitamin ¬a concentration was studied in 25 mehraban male lambs each of 5-6 months of age and 30/64±3/47kg of live weight. the following five dietary treatments were used: 1) control (base diet with no addit...

BACKGROUND The present study has been undertaken to unravel the critical factors involved in the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). METHODS A unique type 2 diabetic rat model with a wide range of metabolic derangements and hypertension has been utilized, the spontaneously hypertensive/NIH-corpulent rat SHR/NDmcr-cp(cp/cp). It develops histologically evident glomerular injury and tubulo...

Forty-seven mixed-parity Large White sows were used to determine the effect of diets with reduced CP content or supplemented with essential AA on 28-d lactation feeding behavior under humid tropical climatic conditions. The study was conducted at the INRA experimental facilities in Guadeloupe, French West Indies (latitude 16 degrees N, longitude 61 degrees W) between February 2007 and January 2...

The study was undertaken to assess dietary CP and ME concentrations for optimum growth performance and carcass characteristics of goslings. In a 5 x 3 factorial arrangement, 360 one-day-old commercial generation Huoyan goslings were randomly assigned to experimental diets with 10.87, 11.37, 11.87, 12.37, and 12.87 MJ of ME/kg of diet; each contained 15.0, 17.5, and 20.0% CP, respectively, from ...

BACKGROUND Flavonoids are polyphenolic compounds of plant origin with antioxidant effects. Flavonoids inhibit LDL oxidation and reduce thrombotic tendency in vitro. Little is known about how cocoa powder and dark chocolate, rich sources of polyphenols, affect these cardiovascular disease risk factors. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the effects of a diet high in cocoa powder and dark chocolate (CP-DC ...

Inclusion of urea in dairy cattle diets is often limited by negative effects high levels feed on dry matter intake (DMI) and efficiency rumen N utilization. We hypothesized that supplying post-ruminally would mitigate these limitations allow greater inclusion diets. Four rumen-fistulated Holstein-Friesian cows (7 ± 2.1 lactations, 110 30.8 d milk; mean standard deviation) were randomly assigned...

an experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary crude protein (cp) and lysine levels on performance and nitrogen excretion in broiler chickens. four hundred twenty 7-day old chickens from ross 308 strain were randomly allotted to 6 dietary treatments with 5 replicates of 14 chicks each (7 male and 7 female chicks). the cp levels were 17, 18, and 20 percent and lysine levels were ...

A total of 224 pigs (PIC 327 × 1050, initially 241.1 lb) were used in a 20-d trial to determine the optimum dietary CP concentration for growth performance and carcass characteristics of finishing pigs. Pens of 7 pigs were allotted by BW and randomly assigned to 1 of 4 dietary treatments with 7 or 8 replications per treatment. Dietary treatments included 4 levels of CP (10, 11, 12, and 13%) tha...

The relationship between nutritional status and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-2 (IGFBP-2) gene expression in chickens was studied. Chickens (6 wk old) were food deprived for 2 d and then refed. IGFBP-2 mRNA in the brain was significantly decreased by food deprivation and levels did not increase when birds were refed for 24 h. Gizzard and hepatic IGFBP-2 mRNA levels were significant...

Two studies were conducted to assess the effect of dietary protein reduction on N utilization, N excretion, and AA digestibility in growing pigs. The objective was to determine whether pigs fed diets with a reduced CP concentration could maintain the same N retention as pigs fed an adequate diet. The second objective was to test whether reducing dietary CP concentration decreases AA digestibili...