The debonding of acrylic resin teeth with the denture base resin has been related to several different factors of which contamination of the bonding surfaces with wax has been suggested as the major cause. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficient method of wax removal from denture teeth using hot water at different temperatures ranges. Acrylic rods were used as tooth analogues a...

Drought stress is a major limiting factor for crop production. Cuticular wax plays an important role in preventing water loss from drought stress. However, the genetic control of cuticular wax deposition under drought stress conditions has not been characterized. Here, we identified a rice gene Drought-Induced Wax Accumulation 1 (DWA1) encoding a very large protein (2,391 aa in length) containi...

Reproductive boll weevil populations are typically identified by the presence of a frass seal and protuberance at the oviposition site in cotton squares. However, despite the occurrence of other oviposition puncture seal types and their use in previous fecundity studies, the relationship of these respective puncture seal types and oviposition has not been clearly examined. In this study, newly ...

Solid deposition, such as the formation of ice on outdoor facilities, the deposition of scale in water reservoirs, the sedimentation of fat, oil, and grease (FOG) in sewer systems, and the precipitation of wax in petroleum pipelines, cause a serious waste of resources and irreversible environmental pollution. Inspired by fish and pitcher plants, we present a self-replenishable organogel materia...

It is generally assumed that all plant epidermis cells are covered with cuticles, and the distinct surface geometries of pavement cells, guard cells, and trichomes imply functional differences and possibly different wax compositions. However, experiments probing cell-type-specific wax compositions and biosynthesis have been lacking until recently. This review summarizes new evidence showing tha...

The paper highlights risks that accompany losing a locked iOS device regarding confidentiality of passwords stored in the keychain. It presents results of handson tests that show the possibility for attackers to reveal some of the keychain entries. For the described approach, the knowledge of the user’s secret passcode is not needed, as the protection provided by the passcode is bypassed.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Only few data on the epicuticular waxes (EWs) of horsetails are available. This contribution therefore focuses on the wax micromorphology and chemical composition of Equisetum species of the subgenera Equisetum and Hippochaete. METHODOLOGY Distribution patterns and structural details of EW on the shoots were studied by scanning electron microscopy. After extraction with ch...

Drought stress activates several defense responses in plants, such as stomatal closure, maintenance of root water uptake, and synthesis of osmoprotectants. Accumulating evidence suggests that deposition of cuticular waxes is also associated with plant responses to cellular dehydration. Yet, how cuticular wax biosynthesis is regulated in response to drought is unknown. We have recently reported ...

The effect of active hand exercise and warm wax treatment was evaluated in 52 rheumatoid arthritis patients randomized into four groups: (1) both exercise and wax bath, (2) exercise only, (3) wax bath only, and (4) controls. Treatment was given three times a week for 4 weeks. Deficits in flexion and extension in digits II-V bilaterally, grip function, grip strength, pain, and stiffness were mea...

This paper reports a novel technique for fabricating three-dimensional (3D) microfluidic channels in a single sheet of paper, which greatly simplifies the fabrication process of 3D microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (3D-μPADs). This technique, derived from the popular wax printing technique for paper channel patterning, is capable of controlling the penetration depth of wax upon heatin...