A second order implicit f Lorentz ion hybrid model with sub-cycling and orbit averaging has been developed to study low-frequency, quasi-neutral plasmas. Models using the full Lorentz force equations of motion for ions may be useful for verifying gyrokinetic ion simulation models in applications where higher order terms may be important. In the presence of a strong external magnetic field, prev...

The optical properties of five metal phthalocyanines (MPcs) thin films (cobalt phthalocyanine (Pc), copper Pc, iron Pc (FePc), nickel Pc, and zinc Pc), were studied by spectroscopic ellipsometry. Thin films of these MPcs were evaporated in high vacuum onto glass substrates, quartz substrates, and silicon substrates. Spectroscopic ellipsometry measurements were performed in the wavelength range ...

Sasaki manifolds admit a nowhere vanishing vector field and it is always possible to consider a Lorentz metric on them. Then we are able to obtain a classification result for compact Lorentz–Sasaki space forms.

A interacting theory that violates CPT invariance necessarily violates Lorentz invariance. On the other hand, CPT invariance is not sufficient for out-of-cone Lorentz invariance. Theories that violate CPT by having different particle and antiparticle masses must be nonlocal.

The categorical relativity is a groupoid category of massive bodies in mutual motions. The relative velocity is defined to be the basis-free and coordinate-free binary morphism. In categorical relativity there is no need to distinguish separately the constant relative velocities (special relativity) from the variable accelerated velocities, hence the categorical relativity goes beyond boundary ...

125301-7474 IJET-IJENS @ February 2012 IJENS I J E N S Abstract—To better understand the vacuum arc remelting (VAR) process, a 3D finite element model is established to analyzing the electromagnetic, temperature and flow fields of titanium alloy ingot during steady state melting process using ANSYS software. The research results show that the current flows from the crucible to consumable electr...

Most data acquired to date by experiments in particle physics are successfully described by the minimal Standard Model (SM). One exception is the observation of neutrino oscillations, which are now well established and provide a compelling indication that the minimal SM requires modification. The inclusion of small masses in the neutrino sector of the SM suffices to describe the bulk of the exp...