The dynamics of discrete event systems can be e ectively described and analyized using the timed Petri net formalism. The aim of this tutorial is to comprehensively present the achievements attained in accelerating Petri net executions by using parallel or distributed multiprocessing environments. The basic problem is to generate concurrent Petri net executions insuring correctness in the sense...

In the last 12 months 10Gb/s serial data transmission in copper backplane has moved from being a good possibility to a practical reality. Advancements both in active signal conditioning and passive interconnect technologies have made this happen. Today it is feasible to build, in volume production, a long reach multiple channel copper backplane that can deliver an aggregate bandwidth of hundred...

Among all the phases of software development, requirements are particularly difficult to specify and analyze, since requirements for any large software system originate with many different persons. Each person’s view of the software requirements may be expressed in a different notation, based on that person’s knowledge, experience, and vocabulary. In order to perform a knowledge-based analysis ...

and efficiency. The advent The fiber distributed of fiber optics, largedata interface (FDDI) data scale integrated circuits, link is based on the ANSI and related technologies X3T9.5 FDDI standards with makes it possible to Digital's enhancements provide a relatively lowto provide greater cost, high-speed local performance, reliability, area network (LAN) with and robustness. The FDDI large phy...

The key components of watershed processes are inputs in precipitation, interactions of vegetation, soil and water including evapotranspiration (water yield), overland flow (erosion), and storage and filtering (nutrients), and outputs in streamflow. Fire effects occur at the vegetation-soil interface and can result in altering overland flow and infiltration rate of water. Fire can affect infiltr...

State-machine sequencing methods in modular 2-phase and 4-phase asynchronous handshake control are compared. Design styles are discussed, and the sequencers are tested against each other using a medium-scale minicomputer test design implemented in FPGAs. Seven 4-phase sequencers are tested. In these comparisons, 2phase control is faster than 4-phase. Within the 4-phase designs, speed is enhance...

This discussion paper builds a bridge between Discourse-Centric Learning Analytics (DCLA), whose focus tends to be on student discourse in formal educational contexts, and research and practice in Collective Intelligence Deliberation Analytics (CIDA), which seeks to scaffold quality deliberation in teams/collectives devising solutions to complex problems. CIDA research aims to equip networked c...

Hedgehog proteins are secreted morphogens that play critical roles in development and disease. During maturation of the proteins through the secretory pathway they are modified by the addition of N-terminal palmitic acid and C-terminal cholesterol moieties, both of which are critical for their correct function and localisation. Hedgehog acyltransferase (HHAT) is the enzyme in the endoplasmatic ...