New experimental data on liquid-liquid equilibria (LLE), solubility and critical states in quaternary system propionic acid – 1-propanol n-propyl propionate water at 303.15 K atmospheric pressure are presented. LLE was studied by Gas Chromatography (GC). Solubility (plait) points were investigated “cloud-point technique” method. Binodal curves surfaces presented concentration tetrahedron. The c...

Abundances of LLE (Li, B, Be) are strongly zoned in augite grains of the NWA 817 nakhlite [1,2]. Be and B consistently increase to grain rims (like Fe* and Ti), consistent with their geochemical behavior as incompatible elements. Li abundances increase outward in some rims, but decrease significantly in others. The cause of this bipolar behavior is not clear. LLE are not zoned in augites in the...

Accurately extracting foreground objects is the problem of isolating the foreground in images and video, called image matting which has wide applications in digital photography. This problem is severely ill-posed in the sense that, at each pixel, one must estimate the foreground and background pixels and the so-called alpha value from only pixel information. The most recent work in natural imag...

The techniques Conformal Eigenmap and Neighborhood Preserving Embedding (NPE) have been proposed as extensions of local non-linear techniques. Many of the commonly used non-linear dimensionality reduction, such as Local Linear Embedding (LLE) and Laplacian eigenmap are not explicitly designed to preserve local features such as distances or angles. In first proposed Conformal Eigenmap technique,...

Locally Linear Embedding (LLE) is a nonlinear dimensionality reduction method proposed recently. It can reveal the intrinsic manifold of data, which can’t be provided by classical linear dimensionality reduction methods. The application of LLE, however, is limited because of its lack of a mapping between the observation and the low-dimensional output. In this paper, we propose a method to estab...

In this paper, two significant weaknesses of locally linear embedding (LLE) applied to computer vision are addressed: ‘‘intrinsic dimension’’ and ‘‘eigenvector meanings’’. ‘‘Topological embedding’’ and ‘‘multi-resolution nonlinearity capture’’ are introduced based on mathematical analysis of topological manifolds and LLE. The manifold topological analysis (MTA) method is described and is based ...

A rapid assay procedure was developed for mycotoxin citrinin in corn using liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) cartridges. Ground corn was extracted with methylene chloride and 0.5 N phosphoric acid. The extract was added to an LLE cartridge containing a diatomaceous-earth adsorbant, previously impregnated with sodium bicarbonate solution. After aspiration to dryness, the cartridge was eluted with m...

Vector data containing direction and magnitude information other than position information is different from common point data only containing position information. Those general similarity measures for point data such as Euclidean distance are not suitable for vector data. Thus, a novel measure must be proposed to estimate the similarity between vectors. The similarity measure defined in this ...

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the language outcomes of 7-year-old children with and without a history of late language emergence at 24 months. METHOD One hundred twenty-eight children with a history of late language emergence (LLE) at 24 months and 109 children with a history of normal language emergence (NLE) at 24 months participated in direct behavioral assessment of mul...

In view of the complexity and nonlinearity of rolling bearings, this paper presents a new supervised locally linear embedding method (R-NSLLE) for feature extraction. In general, traditional LLE can capture the local structure of a rolling bearing. However it may lead to limited effectiveness if data is sparse or non-uniformly distributed. Moreover, like other manifold learning algorithms, the ...