A partial report procedure was used to test the ability of observers to split attention over noncontiguous locations. Observers reported the identity of 2 targets that appeared within a 5 x 5 stimulus array, and cues (validity = 80%) informed them of the 2 most likely target locations. On invalid trials, 1 of the targets appeared directly in between the cued locations. Experiments 1, 1a, and 2 ...

Fanconi anemia (FA) is a genetic disease characterized by bone marrow failure and increased cancer risk. The FA proteins function primarily in DNA interstrand crosslink (ICL) repair. Here, we have examined the role of the PTEN phosphatase in this process. We have established that PTEN-deficient cells, like FA cells, exhibit increased cytotoxicity, chromosome structural aberrations, and error-pr...

The retromer mediates protein trafficking through recycling cargo from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network in eukaryotes. However, the role of such trafficking events during pathogen-host interaction remains unclear. Here, we report that the cargo-recognition complex (MoVps35, MoVps26 and MoVps29) of the retromer is essential for appressorium-mediated host penetration by Magnaporthe oryzae, th...

In 1924 Sanarelli recorded that endotoxins of Gram-negative organisms would damage capillary and postcapillary venular endothelium. By 1935 it was known that two spaced doses of endotoxin given to rabbits would cause renal cortical necrosis and foci of damage in many organs, the Shwartzman reaction. This is due to a combination of vasospasm and intravascular coagulation. Human equivalents of th...

We investigated whether there is a cluster effect depending on localization of seizure foci in patients with bilateral seizure foci. We evaluated 171 seizure pairs from 193 seizures recorded in 28 patients. Seizure lateralization was determined by the lateralization of ictal discharges; if the ictal EEG pattern was not lateralized, lateralization was determined by clinical seizure semiology. Th...

Low-copy-number plasmids, such as P1 and F, encode a type Ia partition system (P1par or Fsop) for active segregation of copies to daughter cells. Typical descriptions show a single central plasmid focus dividing and the products moving to the cell quarter regions, ensuring segregation. However, using improved optical and analytical tools and large cell populations, we show that P1 plasmid foci ...

The focal points of a curve traced by a planar linkage capture essential information about the curve. Knowledge of the singular foci can be helpful in the design of path-generating linkages and is essential to the determination of path cognates. This paper shows how to determine the singular foci of planar linkages built with rotational links. The method makes use of a general formulation of th...

A 2- to 4-year-old uncastrated male Siberian tiger (Panthera tigris altica) bred in a local wild animal park presented with generalized clinical signs including abdominal pain, fever, lethargy, and anorexia, along with subcutaneous nodules along the trunk. The patient subsequently died of chronic, progressive dyspnea despite 45 days of antibiotic treatment. At necropsy, mesenteric fat inflammat...

Shigellosis is an acute inflammatory bowel disease caused by the enteroinvasive bacterium SHIGELLA: Upon host cell-Shigella interaction, major host cell signalling responses are activated. Deciphering the initial molecular events is crucial to understanding the infectious process. We identified a molecular complex involving proteins of both the host, CD44 the hyaluronan receptor, and Shigella, ...

The distributions of a gap junctional protein, connexin 32 (cx 32), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were examined immunohistochemically in glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-P)-negative foci, induced in rat liver by initiation with diethylnitrosamine (DEN, 200 mg/kg) followed by promotion with clofibrate (1% in diet) in an in vivo medium-term assay system for hepatocarc...