the existing works considering the flow-based discount factor in the hub and spoke problems, assume that increasing the amount of flow passing through each edge of network continuously decreases the unit flow transportation cost. although a higher volume of flow allows for using wider links and consequently cheaper transportation, but the unit of flow enjoys more discounts, quite like replacing...

The existing works considering the flow-based discount factor in the hub and spoke problems, assume that increasing the amount of flow passing through each edge of network continuously decreases the unit flow transportation cost. Although a higher volume of flow allows for using wider links and consequently cheaper transportation, but the unit of flow enjoys more discounts, quite like replacing...

Standard TCP is the de facto reliable transfer protocol for the Internet. It is designed to establish a reliable connection using only a single network interface. However, standard TCP with single interfacing performs poorly due to intermittent node connectivity. This requires the re-establishment of connections as the IP addresses change. Multi-path TCP (MPTCP) has emerged to utilize multiple ...

todeschini et al. have recently suggested to consider multiplicative variants of additive graphinvariants, which applied to the zagreb indices would lead to the multiplicative zagrebindices of a graph g, denoted by ( ) 1  g and ( ) 2  g , under the name first and secondmultiplicative zagreb index, respectively. these are define as  ( )21 ( ) ( )v v gg g d vand ( ) ( ) ( )( )2 g d v d v gu...

macrocyclic heterobinuclear zn(ii)–cu(ii) complexes with phenol based dicompartmental ligands possessing contiguous hexa- and penta-coordination sites were prepared by a stepwise procedure. the ligands include similar n4o2 and dissimilar n(imine)3o2 and n(amine)3o2 coordination sites sharing two phenolic oxygen atoms. the six-coordination site comprises two pyridyl pendant arms on the amine nit...