چکیده : نظام انتخاباتی قواعد و چار چوب های به رسمیت شناخته شده ای است که بیانگر چگونگی تبدیل آرای مردم به مناصب و پست های سیاسی است. این نظام انتخابات باید به گونه ای عمل کند که نتیجه آن فراهم شدن مکانیسم و ساز و کار مطلوب و مناسب برای برگزاری انتخابات سالم و رقابتی باشد. به نظر می رسد نظام انتخاباتی جمهوری اسلامی ایران دارای ضعف ها و نواقصی است که به سبب آن ها نمی توان انتخابات مطلوب را برگزا...

among the low–dimensional allotropes of carbon, nanotubes and graphene have attracted very much attention from nano–science and nanotechnology specialists. they have been proposed as building blocks in nanometer device engineering. however, these structures are not defect–free. in this thesis, we focused on defective carbon nanotubes and graphene, and studied the effect of couple of very common...

The present study aimed to define the art of Khānqāh from the seventh century to the present time and describe the special art of Khānqāh architecture which has been influenced by pure mystical and Sufi thoughts. The data were collected from Khānqāh monuments (Sufi Gathering Places) and tombs, historical Khānqāh Mustahsanats (Practices in Khānqāh), and classification of their symbolism from the...

This article tries to elucidate Kosuth’s intention in the presentation on conceptual art. It focuses on an explanation about his opposition on aesthetics and formalism with regard to the Wittgensteinian origin of his measurements. For evaluation of what this artist said and what he performed in his artistic  works, we concentrate on the artist’s article entitled “art after philosophy”. We also ...

as far as bandura’s (1977) conceptualization of the sense of self-efficacy is concerned, it is argued to be context- and even task-specific, compared to other concepts like self-esteem (brown, 2000); therefore, upon the previous research studies, related theories and definitions, and the ideas and views obtained from the interviews conducted with the scholars, the current research study aimed a...

    This study was aimed to consider students value hierarchies. To this aim values of shahed university students was reviewed in a descriptive design. The students attended in 1998_2001 were considered as statistical universe and then separate research were done for considering of value hierarchies of the said students , based on the year of attendance. In other words, the statistical universe...

This research tried to explore Heidegger's anthropological views on technology and its implications for education. The methodology was conceptual analysis Based on research objective and methodology, tree research questions were formulated as follows: What is Heidegger's anthropological look on technology? What are the opposing and approving views about Heidegger's anthropological look on techn...

dans le monde où l’homme est l’élément le plus important de la vie, la formation de nouvelles générations a une importance particulière. en rédigeant emile, jean jacques rousseau, exerce une influence extraordinaire sur la vie humaine et mène à réfléchir sur la question de l’éducation en tant qu’un art. ce penseur du xviiie siècle, grâce à son élève imaginaire, emile, présente son idéal pédagog...