The efficiency of protective energy dissipation by non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) in photosystem II (PSII) has been recently quantified by a new non-invasive photochemical quenching parameter, qPd. PSII yield (ФPSII) was expressed in terms of NPQ, and the extent of damage to the reaction centres (RCIIs) was calculated via qPd as: ФPSII=qPd×(F v/F m)/{1+[1-(F v/F m)]×NPQ}. Here this approach ...

Ocean acidification (OA) due to atmospheric CO2 rise is expected to influence marine primary productivity. In order to investigate the interactive effects of OA and light changes on diatoms, we grew Phaeodactylum tricornutum, under ambient (390 ppmv; LC) and elevated CO2 (1000 ppmv; HC) conditions for 80 generations, and measured its physiological performance under different light levels (60 µm...

We performed laboratory studies to determine the effects of salinity on the photodegradation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) from the Great Dismal Swamp, Virginia, an important source of terrestrial DOM to the lower Chesapeake Bay. Samples were created by mixing Great Dismal Swamp water (ionic strength < 0 mol L21) with modified artificial seawater solutions of differing salinities while keep...

In this investigation, Ag@TiO2 nanocomposite was prepared by deposition of silver nanoclusters onto commercial TiO2 nanoparticles (known as P25 TiO2) via photodeposition technique as clean and simple photochemical route. The synthesized Ag@TiO2 nanocomposite was utilized in the fabrication of dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) chiefly because, compared ...

A combined tris(trimethylsilyl)silane and visible-light-promoted intramolecular reductive cyclization protocol for the synthesis of indoles and oxindoles has been developed. This straightforward and efficient method shows tolerance towards a broad spectrum of functional-groups and enables rapid and practical synthesis of functionalized nitrogen-based heterocycles in high yields under additive a...

Herbicides not only kill the weeds but also affect cell metabolism of economic crops, specifically their photosynthetic machinery [1]. They interfere with the development and structure of chloroplasts, thereby influencing light reactions of photosynthesis [2]. We report in this communication on the inter­ action of pyrazon, triazole and metribuzin with pea chloroplasts during greening in terms ...

Photochemical and microbial degradation of external inputs of dissolved organic matter (DOM) from both natural (forests) and anthropogenic (swine and equine pastures) non-point sources to rivers were examined through field and laboratory microcosm experiments. Little or no photochemical degradation of DOM to inorganic N or P occurred in either the agricultural or forest runoff. The dissolved or...

Computers and laptops are increasingly used at work and at home. As a consequence, the exposure of short wavelength blue light, which is emitted by LED displays, increases too. By its action, light is well-known to enact damage on the neurosensory retina, especially on the underlying structures. In particular, this happens through photothermal, photomechanical, and photochemical mechanisms. Thi...

The use of photolabile protecting groups is a versatile and well-established means of synthesizing high complexity microarrays of biopolymers, such as nucleic acids and peptides, for high-throughput analysis. The synthesis takes place in a photochemical reaction cell which positions the microarray substrate at the focus of the optical system delivering the light and which can be connected to a ...