A new type of bottom-emission electroluminescent device is described in which a metal oxide is used as the electron-injecting contact. The preparation of such a device is simple. It consists of the deposition of a thin layer of a metal oxide on top of an indium tin oxide covered glass substrate, followed by the solution processing of the light-emitting layer and subsequently the deposition of a...

Abstract White light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) serve as a replacement for traditional incandescent light due to their excellent characteristics, such high brightness, efficiency in energy consumption, and long lifetime. The high-efficiency low-cost white-emitting materials diode devices has always been the goal pursued field of lighting technology. Recently, metal halide perovskites are emerging ...