The juvenile period is often a crucial interval for selective pressure on locomotor ability. Although flight is central to avian biology, little is known about factors that limit flight performance during development. To improve understanding of flight ontogeny, we used a propeller (revolving wing) model to test how wing shape and feather structure influence aerodynamic performance during devel...

1. Abstract This paper deals with the optimization of shape of aerodynamic profiles. The objective is to reduce the drag coefficient on a given airfoil while preserving the lift coefficient within acceptable ranges. A set of control points defining the geometry are passed and parameterized as a B-Spline curve. These points are modified automatically by means of CFD analysis. A given shape is de...

abstract: in this paper, optimization of boeing 747 wing has been accomplished for cruise condition (mach number=0.85, flight altitude=35000 ft), where an optimal wing shape is proposed. objective functions are minimization of wing weight and drag force that as well as confining design parameters, two functional constrains are applied. the first functional constrain is fuel tank volume in the a...

This paper summarizes the results obtained with the NSU3D unstructured multigrid solver for the AIAA Drag Prediction Workshop held in Anaheim, CA, June 2001. The test case for the workshop consists of a wing-body con guration at transonic ow conditions. Flow analyses for a complete test matrix of lift coe cient values and Mach numbers at a constant Reynolds number are performed, thus producing ...

A comprehensive computational fluid-dynamics-based study of a pleated wing section based on the wing of Aeshna cyanea has been performed at ultra-low Reynolds numbers corresponding to the gliding flight of these dragonflies. In addition to the pleated wing, simulations have also been carried out for its smoothed counterpart (called the 'profiled' airfoil) and a flat plate in order to better und...

The assessment of turbulence model performance in predicting ow elds that are directly relevant to industrial needs has become increasingly important. In aerodynamics , many problems exist for which the performance of some turbulence models is ambiguous at best and incorrect at worst. The application of many diierent turbulence models to a particular problem is a lengthy process that can lead t...

Numerical simulations are presented in order to test airfoil optimization criteria from the aeroelastic point of view. Based on an Evolution Strategy, airfoil-shape point optimization has been performed as a lift constrained drag minimization at a given Mach/Reynolds number combination for transonic flow. Additional to the drag minimization, the propagation time of pressure disturbances from th...

This paper explores the use of sharkskin in improving aerodynamic performance aerofoils. A biomimetic analysis denticles was conducted and were incorporated on surface a 2-Dimensional (2D) NACA0012 aerofoil. The including drag reduction rate, lift enhancement Lift to Drag (L/D) rate for calculated at different locations along chord line aerofoil Angles Attack (AOAs) through Computational Fluid ...