The planktonic cladocerans Ceriodaphnia richardi, Daphnia gessneri, and birgei inhabit the limnetic littoral zones of Lake Monte Alegre, where former species tends to be abundant. Laboratory experiments were carried out investigate competition for seston in using life table data. In experiment 1, C. richardi D. gessneri fed from zone (1–1.29 mg C L−1); 2, zone. Despite relatively high concentra...

the two-spotted spider mite, tetranychus urticae koch (acari: tetranychidae) is one of the most important agricultural pests of the world. it causes direct and indirect damage on plants which decreases in photosynthesis and crop yield. the effect of sublethal concentrations of artemisia annua l. (asteraceae) and rosmarinus officinalis l. (lamiaceae) essential oils were assessed on development a...

the strawberry spider mite (ssm), tetranychus turkestani ugarov & nikolski, is an important pest of greenhouse cucumber in tropical and temperate regions of the world. the use of the host plant resistance is a basic method to reduce pesticide application in greenhouses. in this study, the biological responses of ssm to six greenhouse cucumber cultivars (puia, hedieh, milad ghadim, milad jad...

demographic parameters of the ladybeetle, serangium montazerii fursch feeding on citrus whitefly, dialeurodes citri ashmead were determined on two host plants, page tangerine and thompson navel orange. this study was carried out under laboratory conditions (25 ± 1 °c and rh of 60 ± 5% and a photoperiod of 16: 8 h (l: d). total pre-adult periods of the lady beetle were 20.84 ± 0.302, 19.27 ± 0.2...

aphis gossypii glover is one of the most important pests of greenhouse cucumber and pepper in the world and iran. in this research, life table and biology of a. gossypii were investigated on cucumber (cucumis sativus cv. super sultan) and pepper (capsicum annum cv. marqueza) in a growth chamber at 25±1°c and 60±5% rh and a photoperiod of 14 l: 10 d hour.the results showed thatdevelopmental time...