This research empirically analyzed the relationship between public health expenditure and national health outcomes among developed countries. The data was collected from 17 OECD countries between 1973 and 2000. Two public health outcome indicators, infant mortality rate and life expectancy at birth, were used as dependent variables. To analyze cross-country panel data, we used a mixed-effect mo...

CONTEXT Since the early 1980s, the black-white gap in life expectancy at birth increased sharply and subsequently declined, but the causes of these changes have not been investigated. OBJECTIVE To determine the contribution of specific age groups and causes of death contributing to the changes in the black-white life expectancy gap from 1983-2003. DESIGN AND SETTING US vital statistics data...

The objective of this ecological study was to ascertain the effects of physical environment on life expectancy at birth, using data from all 32 Mexican states. 50 environmental indicators with information about demography, housing, poverty, water, soils, biodiversity, forestry resources, and residues were included in exploratory factor analysis. Four factors were extracted: population vulnerabi...

BACKGROUND When calculating life expectancy, it is usually assumed that deaths are uniformly distributed within each of the age intervals. As most of the infant deaths are neonatal deaths, this calls for a better assessment for that age group. METHODS The Flemish unified death and birth certificates database for all calendar years between 1999 and 2008 was used. A Kaplan-Meier survival analys...

Life expectancy at birth now stands at 79 years in France, according to vital registration data. Mortality data for the Ancien Régime can be found in the parish registers in which local priests recorded baptisms, marriages and burials. They are found in a few parishes from the end of the 15th century, and were brought into general use by a royal decree of 1667. The demographers who first began ...

This report presents period life tables for the United States based on age-specific death rates in 2004. Data used to prepare these life tables are 2004 final mortality statistics; July 1, 2004, population estimates based on the 2000 decennial census and data from the Medicare program. Presented are complete life tables by age, race, and sex. In 2004, the overall expectation of life at birth wa...

OBJECTIVES We aim to develop robust estimates of disability-free life expectancy (DFLE) and healthy life expectancy (HLE) for ethnic groups in England and Wales in 2001 and to examine observed variations across ethnic groups. DESIGN DFLE and HLE by age and gender for five-year age groups were computed for 16 ethnic groups by combining the 2001 Census data on ethnicity, self-reported limiting ...

The decline in Avoidable Mortality (AM) and increase in life expectancy in Shanghai is impressive. Gusmano and colleagues suggested that Shanghai's improved health system has contributed significantly to this decline in AM. However, when compared to other global cities, Shanghai's life expectancy at birth is improving as London and New York City, but has yet to surpass that of Hong Kong, Tokyo,...